Dollars and their impact on inflation | Dólares y su impacto en la inflación

Editorial, El Deber:

The scarcity of dollars, a phenomenon that has intensified in recent months, directly impacts the prices of products and services, fueling inflation and threatening to erode the purchasing power of Bolivian families.

The business sector has been one of the first to feel the effects of the lack of foreign currency. Importers have announced price increases of up to 25%. The reason is simple: the high commissions they paid for transfers abroad in dollars, ranging between 15% and 25%.

Now, with the new measures announced by the Government, an impact is expected, but it is public knowledge that once prices rise, it is difficult for them to fall again. Already in December 2023, inflation closed at 3.12%, reflecting an upward trend.

This scenario is worrisome, as these are essential sectors for the functioning of the economy. Agricultural machinery is vital for food production, construction materials are essential for infrastructure, and medicines are necessary for the population’s health. In addition, transporters have already announced fare adjustments.

The rise in prices will have a domino effect on the rest of the economy. Consumers will pay more for food, transportation, housing, and medicines, reducing their purchasing power and, therefore, their demand for other goods and services.

This vicious circle could lead to an increase in inflation. In December 2023, the annual inflation in Bolivia reached 3.12%, the highest in the last 12 years.

The Bolivian government has taken some measures to try to alleviate the situation, such as freeing up exports and intervening the Banco Unión for the importation of inputs. However, these are actions that still seem insufficient to contain the escalation of the dollar and its negative effects on the economy.

Will the establishment of a commission band in banking for overseas transfers be enough to attract dollars? Will exporters find a competitive price in financial institutions to leave their currencies?

The auction of fuels and free importation are among the best measures announced to gradually decrease fuel subsidies, and positive examples of these actions can be seen nearby: Paraguay.

Therefore, it is necessary for the Government to implement a comprehensive economic policy that addresses the structural causes of the dollar shortage, such as the lack of export diversification and dependence on imports. But also, the reduction of the size of the State to decrease the fiscal deficit in times of lower income from natural gas exports.

This week saw the first steps of a public-private partnership, but progress is needed. Let’s not forget that Bolivia has one of the highest rates of undernourishment – people who cannot acquire enough food to meet their minimum dietary energy needs for at least one year – at 14%, according to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO).

Therefore, it is necessary for the Government, the private sector, and civil society to work together to find lasting solutions that protect the purchasing power of Bolivian families and ensure the country’s economic growth.

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