Unprecedented energy crisis | Crisis energética sin precedentes

By El Dia:

Bolivia is experiencing an unprecedented energy crisis; expert warns that the model is unsustainable

This means that Bolivia now consumes more gas than it sells, an unprecedented situation that threatens the country’s energy and economic stability.

Illustration image. Photo: Internet.

Bolivia’s natural gas production has reached critical levels. In March, daily production fell to 24 million cubic meters, an alarming figure considering that domestic consumption amounts to 15 million cubic meters per day and exports to Brazil hover around 10 million.

This means that Bolivia now consumes more gas than it sells, an unprecedented situation that jeopardizes the country’s energy and economic stability. According to hydrocarbons expert Fernando Rodríguez Calvo, this reality reflects an unsustainable energy model that demands urgent measures.

Adding to the crisis is the shutdown of the Urea Plant, as well as state-owned cement plants in Potosí and Oruro, due to a lack of gas. The situation worsens because lower gas production also means fewer associated liquids, such as gasoline and diesel, forcing the country to increase hydrocarbon imports amid a dollar shortage.

THE SHARP DECLINE IN PRODUCTION

At its peak, Bolivia produced 62 million cubic meters of natural gas per day. Today, that figure has dropped to 24 million. Key fields like Margarita-Huacaya currently produce 8 million cubic meters per day, Sábalo 6 million, Incahuasi 6 million, and San Alberto just 1.2 million. Additionally, there is alarming depletion of wells, which are yielding more water than gas, signaling the natural decline of reservoirs without significant new exploration.

Liquid production has also plummeted. Previously, each million cubic feet of gas contained 54 barrels of liquids in fields like Margarita-Huacaya. Today, that figure has fallen to 22 barrels, reducing the availability of liquid fuels and increasing the need for imports.

AN UNSUSTAINABLE ENERGY MODEL

Hydrocarbons expert Fernando Rodríguez Calvo warns that the current gas crisis is just the tip of the iceberg. He estimates that Bolivia may soon be forced to import Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG) and eventually natural gas if new reserves are not incorporated. “This year, fuel imports could exceed $4 billion, and we don’t know where the resources will come from,” he stated. Moreover, he pointed out that most of this expenditure goes to fuel subsidies, which lie at the core of the structural problem.

Revenue from the Direct Hydrocarbons Tax (IDH) and royalties has also declined, impacting subnational governments and the national economy. The country’s dollar shortage further exacerbates the crisis, making fuel purchases from abroad increasingly difficult.

THE URGENCY OF NEW EXPLORATIONS

Rodríguez Calvo suggests halting uncertain exploration in the north and focusing on areas with proven potential, such as Charagua and Yapucaiti in Chuquisaca, Iñau, Bermejo X46, and the old Churumas wells, which are being refurbished to prevent an immediate collapse.

THE HYDROELECTRIC ALTERNATIVE: EL CARRIZAL

Faced with the imminent depletion of gas, experts like Mirko Gardilcic propose diversifying Bolivia’s energy matrix. One of the most promising projects is the El Carrizal hydroelectric plant, which could generate 1,842.8 gigawatt-hours (GWh) annually, covering a quarter of the country’s energy consumption.

Located in the Pilaya Canyon, the sixth deepest in the world, El Carrizal envisions the construction of a reservoir with a capacity of 1,334 hectometers, equivalent to more than 453,600 Olympic-size swimming pools. Additionally, it would enable regulated irrigation for 90,000 hectares in Tarija, generating an estimated $54 million annually from soybean production alone.

Bolivia faces a decisive moment in its energy policy. The decline in gas production, the rise in fuel imports, and the dollar shortage make it urgent to implement both short- and long-term solutions. While experts propose new exploration and alternatives such as hydroelectric power, the key question remains: Will the country act in time to prevent an energy collapse?

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