Fiscal adjustment to avoid contagion of banking sector and the deepening of the economic crisis | Ajuste fiscal para evitar contagio a la banca y que se profundice la crisis económica

By Raúl Domínguez, El Deber:

Cainco Forum: Fiscal adjustment is proposed to avoid contagion to the banking sector and the deepening of the economic crisis in the country

Foro Cainco. Foto: Juan Carlos Torrejón
Foro Cainco. Photo: Juan Carlos Torrejón

Cainco observes a crisis in the balance of payments and that companies are shrinking and being “strangled.” It proposes fiscal spending adjustments, which could result in a balance of over Bs 11,000 million.

The Bolivian economic situation is in clear deterioration but can still recover, although the solutions may be painful. This was the almost unanimous sentiment among attendees at the Economic Forum organized annually by the Santa Cruz Chamber of Industry, Commerce, Services, and Tourism (Cainco), titled “Proposals that Add Up” in 2024.

All the invited speakers dedicated this Tuesday to sharing their experiences and providing proposals to prevent the current state fiscal deficit from destabilizing the national financial system, potentially triggering a deep economic crisis.

The president of Cainco, Jean Pierre Antelo, was incisive in his speech, criticizing how the Government manages the economy from its ideological perspective.

“What the Government calls speculation, shortages, or temporary difficulties has a name and surname: a balance of payments crisis, and the cause has a common denominator: fiscal irresponsibility,” he asserted.

He also clarified that Cainco did not sign the “10 points” agreed with the national business representatives in February and urged the Government to “abandon its failed experiment and prioritize the country’s development.”

Proposals

The person in charge of providing the proposals was Pablo Mendieta, director of the Bolivian Center for Economics (Cebec) at Cainco, who proposed a series of fiscal adjustments that could lead to a fiscal balance of over Bs 11,000 million.

One of the first measures would be to depreciate the Bolivian currency against the dollar and address four aspects of fiscal policy. Cebec estimated the fiscal deficit in 2023 at Bs 34,000 million, but eliminating investments in certain public companies could free up Bs 8,000 million.

Providing examples, he also suggested eliminating the gasoline subsidy and subsidizing diesel only for heavy vehicles and reducing the inefficiency of the Dignity Income, currently paid to 1.2 million beneficiaries.

He also pointed out the need to reduce the large number of 431,000 public employees paid with TGN resources, without affecting the education, health, and law enforcement sectors. Eliminating the Transaction Tax (IT) would be another solution, leading to Bs 13,100 million more in revenue, less Bs 9,400 million in expenses, resulting in a fiscal balance of over Bs 11,000 million.

“Conclusion: an adjustment can be made; let’s not limit ourselves to thinking that adjustments cannot be made,” Mendieta said, noting that these measures would reduce deficit financing and allow entities like the Public Manager to free up Bs 12,000 million for long-term loans by the financial system.

International Recipes

Alejandro Werner, former director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF), warned that a balance of payments crisis could spread to the country’s financial system.

“Because a bank can have its liabilities, or debts, in dollars and its assets, its loans, in local currency. When the exchange rate depreciates, its debts increase, but its assets, its loans, do not increase in value, creating an imbalance. So, clearly, we must ensure these vulnerabilities do not arise in the banking sector, and we have already seen some of them,” he stressed.

Similarly, he explained that “when the Central Bank, through a ‘swap,’ appropriates foreign exchange reserves and spends them, it leaves the system with fewer foreign currencies, and we are already seeing that weakness in Bolivia.”

Meanwhile, Eduardo Levy, former advisor to the World Bank and the IMF, considered that monetary and exchange rate policies must be adjusted to correct the imbalances. A panel of experts also addressed some global experiences in correcting macroeconomic imbalances. Cainco announced it would publish the forum’s conclusions in the coming days.

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