Three Factors Will Shape the Course of Private Fuel Imports | Tres factores marcan el rumbo de la importación privada de carburantes

By Erika Segales, El Deber:

Tres factores marcan el rumbo de la importación privada de carburantes

Fuel supply lines continue, mainly in the country’s central axis. / Photo: Ricardo Montero

The opening of the fuel market represents a significant change aimed at ending the monopoly and reducing pressure on international reserves, but it requires dollars, efficient logistics, and clear regulations

The availability of U.S. dollars, logistics capable of guaranteeing supply, and clear regulations will be decisive factors in determining whether opening the fuel market to private imports produces tangible results. Experts and industry representatives agree that Supreme Decree No. 5644, which expands private-sector participation, is an important step, but they warn that the measure’s success will depend on three key factors.

On June 29, the government of Rodrigo Paz enacted Supreme Decree No. 5644, authorizing private individuals and companies to import diesel and gasoline both for their own consumption and for sale in the domestic market, while maintaining the sale of subsidized fuels through Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos (YPFB).

“Whether the importer is a private company or the State, whether it is YPFB or a private firm, imports require dollars, and that ultimately depends on the exchange rate,” explained Raúl Velásquez, hydrocarbons expert at Fundación Jubileo, in an interview with EL DEBER.

Velásquez emphasized that Bolivia imports approximately 95% of the diesel and nearly 60% of the gasoline it consumes. As a result, the first challenge remains access to foreign currency, since any company seeking to supply the market must have dollars available to purchase fuel abroad.

Although allowing private firms to import fuel for commercial distribution could help reduce pressure on international reserves.

“Now, part of the dollars used for fuel imports will come from the private sector, and the Central Bank of Bolivia (BCB) will be able to save the dollars that private companies contribute. I believe it is a good measure because it introduces competition into the sector and reduces dependence solely on YPFB,” said former Hydrocarbons Minister Álvaro Ríos.

However, logistics must also be considered as a second key factor. While private participation will broaden supply sources, service-station operators argue that delays in fuel dispatch remain one of the main problems that must be addressed.

Susy Dorado, manager of the Santa Cruz Association of Service Station Owners (Asosur), stated that delays at distribution plants continue to affect supply.

“As the saying goes, what is visible speaks for itself. We cannot hide the long lines we are seeing today. These are due to delays in YPFB’s logistics. On our side, our tanker trucks are practically sleeping at the gates of the plants waiting to enter and collect product, but the delays and the logistics system currently being used are what cause the lines at service stations,” she said.

According to Dorado, Santa Cruz requires approximately 3.5 million liters per day of both diesel and gasoline, but current allocations do not reach those volumes.

For specialists, opening the market will help diversify supply, although successful distribution will also depend on the efficiency of the entire logistics chain, from importation to delivery at retail stations.

A third factor is the regulation that must be issued by the National Hydrocarbons Agency (ANH). Although the new decree authorizes service stations to sell both YPFB fuels and privately imported fuels simultaneously, that possibility still depends on the forthcoming regulatory framework.

Dorado noted that service stations are awaiting those regulations to understand the technical and administrative requirements they will need to meet before beginning sales. She estimated that if the resolution is issued within the expected timeframe and procedures move forward quickly, the first privately imported fuels could begin reaching the market during the first days of August.

Hydrocarbons Minister Marcelo Blanco said that one of the aspects to be regulated by the ANH will be a reference price.

“There will be a reference price established by the ANH. There is a regulatory entity that will set this benchmark price. If someone exceeds that reference price, we will first see what the regulations stipulate, because a regulatory framework will be established. In addition, they will be punished by consumers. If you offer something for Bs 100 while the station next door sells it for Bs 50, people simply will not buy it,” he said.

The minister also assured that subsidized fuel will continue to be available on the market at current prices. “The imports carried out by Yacimientos will not experience any change in price whatsoever,” he emphasized.

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