Cruel Power and Corrupt Rule | Poder cruel y corrupción masista

By Germaine Barriga, Vision 360:

During the administration of Arce, prominent figures were imprisoned without their complaints of injustice and mistreatment being heard.

Among the former authorities who remained in prison for several years are former president Jeanine Áñez; the governor of Santa Cruz, Luis Fernando Camacho; former Ministers of Justice Álvaro Coimbra and of Energy Rodrigo Guzmán; as well as the former president of Comcipo, Marco Antonio Pumari, among many others.

El expresidente Luis Arce hizo conocer hoy una carta en la que se queja porque "todas las solicitudes presentadas por su defensa fueron rechazadas, así como las peticiones de realizarse exámenes médicos. Foto: Unitel

Former president Luis Arce released today a letter in which he complains that “all the requests submitted by his defense were rejected, as were the petitions to undergo medical examinations.” Photo: Unitel

During the five years of the administration of now former president Luis Arce, who is currently detained in San Pedro prison, former president Jeanine Áñez; former Ministers of Justice Álvaro Coimbra and of Energy Rodrigo Guzmán; the governor of Santa Cruz, Luis Fernando Camacho; and the former president of the Potosí Civic Committee (Comcipo), Marco Antonio Pumari, were detained, all accused of participating in the “coup d’état” following the resignation of former president Evo Morales.

Other leaders who suffered the same fate, under different accusations, were: the representative of the Resistencia Juvenil Cochala, Yassir Molina; the president of Comcipo, Juan Carlos Manuel, who lost his life while in hiding; the president of the Comcipo Mobilizations Committee, Marco Subía; and the president of the Departmental Association of Coca Producers (Adepcoca), César Apaza. One of the most emblematic cases was that of the former president of the Indigenous Fund, Marco Antonio Aramayo, who denounced acts of corruption in that institution.

Aramayo died on April 18, 2022, while deprived of liberty. He faced 126 criminal proceedings opened against him by the government of Evo Morales, which continued during Arce’s administration.

Relatives, lawyers, and associates of these former authorities and leaders denounced acts of violence, arbitrariness by the Public Prosecutor’s Office, the Judiciary, and the Ministry of Government, through the Penitentiary Regime Directorate, which were not taken into account by the authorities of that government.

Currently, former president Arce, who was arrested on December 10 of last year and sent to San Pedro prison, is accused of alleged acts of embezzlement of resources from the former Indigenous Fund, in his capacity as Minister of Economy and Public Finance.

A few days before reaching four months of preventive detention, Arce released a letter addressed to the population, in which he complains that: “all the requests submitted by my defense have been rejected, including the recent request to undergo the medical examinations required by a cardiologist, putting my health and physical integrity at risk.”

On March 13, 2021, after four months in office, the Ministry of Government carried out an operation in the department of Beni to arrest former president Áñez, who was transferred to La Paz. The complaint was filed by former MAS deputy Lidia Patty.

The Minister of Government at that time, Eduardo del Castillo, reported that the former president was arrested for the alleged crimes of sedition and terrorism in November 2019, following the resignation of Evo Morales from the presidency, amid allegations of electoral fraud in that year’s general elections.

Reports about that event indicated that Áñez was seen deeply affected by her arrest. According to Arce’s government, she was being investigated for the deaths in Senkata and Sacaba. One day earlier, on March 12, former Ministers of Energy Guzmán and of Justice Coimbra were also arrested. They were transferred from Beni to La Paz and, after giving their statements, the judge in the case ordered their preventive detention for six months.

Both former authorities, after spending three years in San Pedro prison, underwent an abbreviated procedure and admitted guilt for the crimes of concealment and criminal association in the case “Coup d’État I.” They were sentenced to two years in prison in December 2023, seeking their release after nearly three years of preventive detention.

Del Castillo, through his social media, expressed congratulations to the Bolivian Police, the National Intelligence Directorate (DNI), and the Special Force to Fight Drug Trafficking (Felcn) for “this historic task of delivering justice to the Bolivian people,” reported the newspaper Opinión.

In the early hours of March 14, Áñez denounced through her social media that: “in an act of abuse and political persecution, the MAS government has ordered my arrest. It accuses me of having participated in a coup d’état that never occurred. My prayers for Bolivia and for all Bolivians.”

The former president attempted suicide in the early hours of August 21, 2021, while imprisoned in the Miraflores prison in La Paz. She suffered superficial injuries to her wrists and forearms, after which she was treated and declared out of danger.

She was sentenced to 10 years in prison in June 2022 for the case “Coup d’État II.” However, in November 2025, the Supreme Court of Justice annulled this sentence and ordered her immediate release upon recognizing violations of due process.

On December 10, 2022, in an operation carried out in the city of Potosí, 2,000 police officers were deployed to arrest former civic leader and vice-presidential candidate for Creemos, Marco Antonio Pumari. Previously, police had raided Comcipo facilities to arrest the president of that civic entity, Juan Carlos Manuel.

Pumari was accused of burning the Departmental Electoral Tribunal and invoked his right to remain silent. Edwin Quispe, secretary general of the Attorney General’s Office, confirmed that the former civic leader was arrested Thursday night and transferred to the municipality of Betanzos, on the border with the department of Chuquisaca, according to Unitel.

The official reported that Pumari would be charged with four crimes: trespassing, aggravated robbery, damage to state property, and electoral obstruction. Quispe stated that preventive detention would be requested. In August 2025, he was released after being imprisoned for three years and eight months.

Later, it was the governor of Santa Cruz, Luis Fernando Camacho, who was arrested on December 28, 2022, by police officers, as confirmed by Del Castillo. “We inform the Bolivian people that the Bolivian Police has executed the arrest warrant against Mr. Luis Fernando Camacho,” he wrote on social media, according to Erbol.

The Santa Cruz Governor’s Office issued a statement denouncing that the departmental authority was kidnapped in an “absolutely irregular operation carried out to an unknown destination.” On August 26, 2025, the courts ordered house arrest for the authority, who had remained imprisoned for nearly three years in the Chonchocoro prison.

Juan Carlos Manuel, president of Comcipo, went into hiding. The Public Prosecutor’s Office accused him of participating in the burning of the TED infrastructure. On January 23, 2023, his death was reported. The National Committee for the Defense of Democracy (Conade) denounced that Manuel was the first fatality during Arce’s administration.

Conade representative Manuel Morales denounced that the civic leader was “a political persecuted individual” and warned that he would not survive away from his family, especially with his underlying illnesses such as diabetes and high blood pressure, worsened by the neglect of the population of Potosí, he told Erbol.

Under these circumstances, the Minister of Justice, Iván Lima, stated that the categories of “hiding” and “politically persecuted” are not recognized by Bolivian legislation and that they are intended to seek impunity to avoid accountability before justice.

Another leader who faced a similar situation was Marco Subía, president of the Comcipo Mobilizations Committee, for the alleged crime of obstructing the exercise of functions. The complaint was filed by the then Ombudsman, Nadia Cruz, as a result of pressure measures taken in 2019 amid social conflict over allegations of fraud in the general elections, when Subía allegedly exercised violence in the offices of the Ombudsman’s Delegation in Potosí.

His brother, Remberto Subía, denounced that he faced several proceedings, including: one for the burning of the house of the former president of the Chamber of Deputies, Víctor Borda; another for alleged participation in the burning of the TED building; and a third case filed by Borda for alleged slander and insults.

The representative of the Resistencia Juvenil Cochala, Yassir Molina, was also arrested on two occasions: on March 13, 2021, while visiting Quillacollo, and on the 17th of the same month, accused of crimes including criminal organization, possession of weapons, abuse, torture, and causing damage to the building of the Attorney General’s Office in Sucre, among others. Molina was sentenced to eight years in prison. In September 2025, Molina obtained conditional release in the case of damage to the Prosecutor’s Office.

A judge in Oruro granted conditional release to Yassir Molina, who had been serving a six-year prison sentence for the case involving damage to the Attorney General’s Office in October 2020, reported Correo del Sur.

In addition to these leaders, the Bolivian Police arrested the president of Adepcoca, César Apaza, on September 22, 2022, for protests that led to the destruction of a parallel market opened by a pro-government faction for the sale of coca leaves in La Paz.

The Police confirmed that Apaza was arrested in the La Paz neighborhood of Villa Fátima, in compliance with a prosecutorial order, accused of committing several crimes under investigation by the Public Prosecutor’s Office, including public incitement to commit crimes, criminal organization, arson, kidnapping, minor, serious, and very serious injuries, aggravated robbery, and preventing or obstructing the exercise of functions. After undergoing an abbreviated procedure, he was released after remaining in prison.

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