Bolivian economy faces more risks than solutions | Economía boliviana con más riesgos que soluciones

By El Diario:

Bolivia needs around $800 million to purchase fuel, while debt payments are close to that amount.

Dollars are scarce in the country.

Following President Luis Arce Catacora’s statements that the country “lives day to day” due to the lack of dollars—along with the downgrade by Standard & Poor’s (S&P)—Bolivia’s economy remains at risk regarding debt payments and fuel imports. They’re scraping the bottom of the barrel and struggling to pay, according to economist Gonzalo Chávez. The short-term alternative lies in the approval of loans, which remains distant.

In April, Moody’s was the first to downgrade Bolivia’s credit rating this year. Now it’s Standard & Poor’s turn, “due to high external debt payments starting in 2026 and limited access to bonds.” President Arce himself acknowledged the risk of default, according to financial consultant Mauricio Ríos, published on his account @riosmauricio.

As recalled, on Wednesday, S&P lowered Bolivia’s sovereign rating from CCC+ to CCC-, with a negative outlook due to the dollar shortage, rising debt, and political instability, all of which may affect the country’s ability to meet international commitments.

Living day to day

National media published statements from President Luis Arce, who said that “we live day to day” with the dollars.

Arce acknowledged that “we live day to day” with dollars; they go to fuel and debt, leaving none for the exchange market, stated a report by Erbol.

On this, economic analyst Gonzalo Chávez Álvarez wrote on his account @GonzaloCHavezA: “First it was ‘everything under control.’ Now they admit they’re scraping the pot, living day to day, and unable to pay. From the ‘shielded model’ we’ve moved to an announced default. And by the way, they discovered the problem was the external sector. Congratulations, brothers and comrades, you’ve reinvented the law of gravity.”

For Fernando Romero, president of the Departmental College of Economists of Tarija, the President’s comments are sad but real. “The state’s finances are going through difficult times,” he added.

The President’s almost pleading attitude is aimed at getting the Assembly to approve the loans so disbursement can happen. However, those are politically stalled, he noted, adding that $800 million is needed for fuel imports and a similar amount for debt payments.

According to Bolivia TV’s official account @Canal_BoliviaTV, President Luis Arce warned that if right-wing politicians continue to block loans in the Assembly (ALP), the country’s fuel supply will be at risk, which could lead to social unrest—“which is what Evo Morales wants.”

Saving

According to Romero, the country’s current situation shows that someone failed to save and invest after the economic boom from natural gas exports to Brazil and Argentina.

Fitch Ratings, back in January, had already warned of problematic state finances, with well-defined macroeconomic imbalances—fiscal, trade, and exchange rate deficits—as well as an unfavorable gap between the parallel and official dollar rates, he reflected.

Romero points out that the political situation is besieging the government, hence the risk of default and payment problems. Therefore, an adjustment is necessary, though it will be difficult for the current administration to make.

However, the next government will have to implement structural adjustment measures, such as evaluating whether to maintain the fuel subsidy or not.

These measures will likely include currency devaluation and a deep, significant fiscal adjustment, he said.

In other words, it will have to adopt unpopular measures with social costs, leading to increased poverty and unemployment, he forecasted.

The credit rating agency Standard & Poor’s states that the downgrade reflects a rapid deterioration of the country’s external profile and casts doubt on Bolivia’s ability to meet its sovereign debt payments in the coming months.

It also notes rising inflation, with food prices increasing.

Official

The Ministry of Economy and Public Finance (MEFP) agrees with Standard & Poor’s that political polarization and the blockade of the Plurinational Legislative Assembly (ALP) are key factors in the downgrade of Bolivia’s credit rating.

Economy Minister Marcelo Montenegro emphasized that the S&P report highlights a point the government has been warning about for over two and a half years: “One element that must be pointed out in the report is political ungovernability (…). Now the Standard & Poor’s report confirms it as a key factor.”

Montenegro stressed that political polarization has had a direct effect on the economy. “Those who believe that politics and economics operate separately don’t understand how society works,” he added.

Despite the ALP’s actions, Bolivia continues to meet its debt obligations. As of April 30, 2025, it had paid 38% of the total scheduled public external debt for the year, equivalent to $585 million.

Leave a comment