It’s No Longer a Crisis, It’s a Collapse | Ya no es crisis, es colapso

By Francesco Zaratti:

Bolivia is grappling with fuel shortages, visible in the endless lines at gas stations.

This crisis is nearing an energy collapse—not yet as severe as those in Cuba or Ecuador, but heading in that direction. While the causes are well-known, YPFB’s strategy to address the crisis remains unclear.

The country’s lack of foreign currency impacts two key areas: importing fuels (50% of gasoline and almost 90% of diesel) and subsidizing their sale (nearly 100% of the retail price). Gas export revenues are no longer sufficient to cover these expenses.

YPFB’s approach includes several measures, beyond “patches” like biofuel additives and an uneven fight against smuggling.

First, efforts are underway to eliminate or reduce subsidies by selling “premium” gasolines with higher octane ratings, offering lower energy efficiency at a much higher price (up to 84% more). Consumers face the choice of waiting hours in line for regular gasoline or paying more for premium options, if available. Similar changes are affecting diesel, with the agro-industry and transport sectors now allowed to import directly for their own use, paying more to keep operating. However, YPFB’s decision to import ULS diesel (low-sulfur) at unsubsidized, higher prices for large consumers raises questions: business or profiteering?

The recent DS 5271 decree liberalizes fuel trade in a legally and economically uncertain environment. The goal is once again to eliminate subsidies, shifting the burden of supply shortages onto private entities.

While this strategy might ease YPFB’s deficit, it doesn’t solve the core issue: a lack of foreign currency for purchases. Collapse looms as YPFB admits to having a fuel stock of just 28 million liters—enough for four days—while pleading with Petrobras for early gas payments, accepting a 12.3% penalty.

Reducing subsidies is possible, but what else can be done to avert or mitigate an energy sector collapse?

The key is to reduce demand to lower supply pressure.

While gasoline-powered cars endure long lines, CNG (compressed natural gas) vehicles refuel without issues, as do the still-rare electric vehicles. In the short term, Bolivia’s remaining natural gas (the exact amount remains unknown due to YPFB’s illegal and unchecked secrecy) should be used to promote CNG for public transport. Analysis shows significant foreign currency savings even if gas exports are reduced for CNG use.

Additionally, the government must heed technical calls for an urgent energy transition, replacing fossil fuel demand with electricity from Bolivia’s abundant renewable resources: water, sun, wind, and geothermal energy.

Ultimately, if structural measures aren’t taken, it’s not due to a lack of understanding but because corruption chains prioritize family profiteering over the common good.

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