Bolivia’s internal political conflict limits its credit capacity and puts its economy at risk | La pelea política interna en Bolivia limita su capacidad crediticia y pone en riesgo su economía

By Juan Carlos Véliz, Eju.tv:

Standard & Poor’s warns that Bolivia’s internal political conflict limits its credit capacity and puts its economy at risk

In the Plurinational Legislative Assembly, more than $1.1 billion in external loans are stalled due to the lack of agreements between political factions, and the SP report specifically points to the relentless infighting within the ruling party, MAS. 

Evo Morales-led march against Luis Arce marks the highest point so far in the internal MAS conflict. / Photo: Agencies

Standard & Poor’s (S&P) Global Ratings warned in its recent assessment that Bolivia’s internal political conflicts are hindering the country’s ability to improve its financial and economic situation. This increases risks to economic and monetary stability, as the country has less room to address its economic challenges and improve its credit capacity.

“A political stalemate limits the country’s ability to reverse the erosion of its external liquidity and fiscal position, posing risks to economic and monetary stability. The deadlock has intensified, reducing the scope to address economic policy challenges,” states the evaluation, which also reaffirms Bolivia’s sovereign credit rating as negative, CCC+/C, due to its “weak capacity to fully meet its long-term debt obligations under a fragile external profile.”

The term “political stalemate” in a Standard & Poor’s (S&P) Global Ratings report refers to a situation where political divisions and conflicts prevent effective decision-making and policy implementation.

S&P is a credit rating agency that assesses the ability of entities, such as governments and companies, to meet their financial obligations. These assessments are known as credit ratings.

These ratings provide an informed and standardized opinion on an issuer’s creditworthiness, helping investors make more confident decisions. Entities with good ratings can access financial markets more easily and at lower costs, allowing them to secure funding for projects and growth.

Although the government rejected the agency’s “pessimistic assessment” for not valuing certain rising figures, the internal political situation is negatively influencing the economic challenges Bolivia faces amid an economic crisis.

“We could raise the ratings in the next 12 months if decisive policies are implemented to improve Bolivia’s external liquidity and move toward a more sustainable fiscal profile. Addressing the deterioration of macroeconomic imbalances would be a first step toward improving investor confidence and gaining better access to external debt markets,” the report notes.

The rating agency argues that “political divisions have intensified ahead of the 2025 presidential elections, delaying approvals for external financing from official entities. The lack of transparency in key external account data also exacerbates uncertainty.”

More than $1.1 billion in external loans are stalled in the Plurinational Legislative Assembly due to the lack of consensus between parties, and the S&P report specifically points to the relentless infighting within the ruling party, MAS.

“Divisions within the Movement for Socialism (MAS), Bolivia’s ruling party, have reduced the margin for passing policies in Congress to address macroeconomic challenges. No faction within MAS controls a majority in Congress, making it difficult to pass significant laws,” it says.

“For example, access to external loans and the approval of key laws aimed at improving conditions for natural resource investments are being delayed in the legislature. Developing these sectors could generate economic growth and public revenues, as well as support the reversal of external imbalances and exchange rate pressures,” it adds.

MAS faces an internal “war” between factions loyal to former president Evo Morales and President Luis Arce, which has even led to physical confrontations between militants during the march led by Morales against Arce two weeks ago.

The agency also warns that “political disputes in the lead-up to the next elections reduce the government’s ability to address challenges.” “The next presidential elections will take place in 2025, which has intensified party divisions and harmed the cohesion and predictability of public policies,” it warns.

One of the reasons for MAS’s internal dispute, aside from control of the political party, is defining the presidential candidate. Evo Morales has declared himself the sole candidate for 2025, but the “Arce” faction is promoting another leadership, and Luis Arce’s re-election cannot be ruled out.

“The first round of the next presidential election will take place on August 17, 2025. The establishment of an electoral timeline has led to an intensification of campaign activism earlier than expected, which has sharpened political divisions within MAS,” summarizes the rating agency, reaffirming that politics is directly linked to the economy.

However, this is not the only political risk factor. The election of the presidents of the Chambers of Deputies and Senators in the Legislative Assembly, following the conclusion of the terms of Israel Huaytari (from the Arce faction) in the Lower House and Andrónico Rodríguez (from the Morales faction) in the Senate, is also a factor. Furthermore, seat redistribution and judicial elections scheduled for December 1 of this year add to the tension.

“Other factors contributing to political tensions include the selection of leaders for both houses of Congress in October, discussions about the redistribution of seats in the Lower House following recent census results, and the judicial elections scheduled for December. The current judiciary is operating under an extended mandate for one year (since the judicial elections were originally scheduled for 2023), and the opposition may have more influence in a divided Congress,” warns the agency.

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