Evo Morales: The Elephant in the Room | El elefante en la habitación

By Gonzalo Colque, Brujula Digital:

For many, Evo Morales is the cause of Bolivia’s economic crisis and the political problems eating away at the country. Yet, despite his critics’ efforts to downplay his presence, Morales remains the strongest presidential candidate, especially after his recent show of force. Acknowledging him as the “elephant in the room” begs the question: Why does evismo still retain nearly decisive popular support, even though his government abandoned the people’s struggles and used them for the leader’s ambitions of unlimited power?

Perhaps the answer lies in how Evo forced the dominant classes and power groups to acknowledge the existence of the excluded and impoverished majorities. Despite the flaws in his economic model, he is still remembered by these same popular sectors as the leader of years of abundance. Or maybe it’s the meaning behind “Evo is the people”—the political leader as a synonym and embodiment of the Bolivian people.

Morales certainly presided over an exceptional period of economic prosperity. Natural gas generated millions in revenue. Armed with unprecedented legitimacy, the leader of the excluded had the opportunity to harness this boom for sound economic development—without ideological excesses, deepening extractivism, or squandering wealth on “white elephants.” Above all, he had the chance to avoid corrupting social movements and their leadership. But Morales and his followers lost their way, becoming victims of their own excesses.

Evo earned the unconditional support of the people by handing out money, public positions, shares of power, trucks—anything that dollars from gas could buy. He wasn’t just a master illusionist but also an architect of falsified realities, such as the myth that the State’s coffers were previously empty because neoliberals stole the people’s money or that the sudden prosperity came because Morales and his circle were the “moral reserve of humanity.”

The Morales government and the economic boom are two different things, but this distinction isn’t clear for his potential voters. Morales knows this, and being a skilled politician, he is working to reinforce the false link between his government and the economic boom. Phrases like “Life was good with Evo, there was money” or beliefs like “If there were dollars with Evo, there will be if he returns” don’t go viral on social media, but they spread in face-to-face conversations. In rural communities, some even say, “Even the potatoes grew better with Evo.”

Convincing people otherwise is crucial to avoid a worsening economic crisis and, ultimately, to bet on a future for Bolivia. This should also be of interest to Morales’ opponents. For that, it’s essential to make another distinction: separating the “Evo” and “people” twins. But most opposition politicians, except for the arcista wing, do the opposite.

By using generic terms like “masistas” or “masismo” as pejoratives to attack the Movement for Socialism (MAS), they achieve the opposite effect: they reopen the wounds of a historically divided society, reunify the majorities around Morales, strengthen his electoral base, and in the process, build a dichotomous discourse that, while appealing to the convinced, alienates the popular majorities and even the lower middle classes that have turned away from MAS for good reason.

Thus, Evo’s relevance lies in his dual image as both the architect of the economic miracle and the embodiment of the people. Clearly distinguishing between the triad of Evo-prosperity-people is vital for society to move forward—for a Bolivia whose political power is genuinely structured around separate and independent bodies of power. A Bolivia whose productive matrix is not conditioned by outdated statist models or similar economic dogmas. However, breaking this triad is a tall order because it means addressing deep, unresolved issues like corporatism, political patronage, patrimonialism, and factionalism based on ethnicity, class, and region.

Bolivia took three steps forward with MAS’s rise to power, but it stepped back when Evo forced his re-election bid. Another step back came with Luis Arce, and the return of the caudillo would erase the little that remains. Reinventing Evo is possible, but unlikely. In this regard, his political adversaries have a small advantage: they still have time and better chances to reinvent themselves.

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