Moody´s: Lithium won’t be enough to offset gas revenues | El litio no será suficiente para compensar los ingresos del gas

Marco Antonio Belmonte, Vision 360:

The company considers that the lack of access to the sea may increase the costs of lithium and points out that the country must promote industrialization and, at the same time, redevelop the hydrocarbon sector.

La Planta Industrial de Carbonato de Litio inaugurada en diciembre de 2023, en Colcha K. Foto: MHE.

The Lithium Carbonate Industrial Plant inaugurated in December 2023, in Colcha K. Photo: MHE.

While in Bolivia, lithium is seen as a hopeful source of income, Moody’s Ratings believes that this natural resource may represent a significant business opportunity for the country, but it won’t be enough to compensate for the revenues generated by natural gas exports.

The company conducted an assessment of the Bolivian economy, the banking and insurance financial system, and the prospects for risk rating at the “Inside Latam Bolivia 2024” event on Wednesday.

During the event, William Foster, Senior Vice President of Sovereign Risk at Moody’s Ratings, was asked how Bolivia’s lithium reserves would impact the country’s economic profile in the short term and what possibilities exist for this to become part of the country’s economic profile in the future.

Foster emphasized that lithium is very important for Bolivia, and everyone wonders how it can impact the economy and fiscal position. It’s clear that the country has the largest lithium deposits or reserves in the world, which represents a significant revenue opportunity.

According to Foster, the problem is that lithium is difficult to extract, and its quality in Bolivia is lower compared to the product obtained in other countries. For example, Chile has a higher magnesium content.

Additionally, he noted that the country lacks access to the sea, which can increase costs compared to other countries with maritime infrastructure. “Lithium can be important and support Bolivia’s exports in the future, but from our point of view, it will not be enough in terms of the relationship and what is happening in the hydrocarbon sector, that is, supporting or reversing the trend we observe in the external accounts,” he explained.

In Foster’s opinion, along with the promotion of the lithium industry, Bolivia also needs to redevelop the hydrocarbon sector.

State lithium project

Bolivia has reserves of over 23 million tons of lithium in the Uyuni and Pastos Grandes salt flats in Potosí, and in Coipasa in Oruro.

In December of last year, the lithium carbonate industrial plant was inaugurated in the municipality of Colcha K, south of the Uyuni Salt Flat, and this year, it will produce at 30% capacity, i.e., 3,000 tons, gradually scaling up to its maximum capacity of 15,000 tons per year.

Work is also underway on several parallel projects, such as the exploration of more than 28 salt flats and saltwater lagoons in the country for lithium and evaporitic exploitation, agreements for the development and implementation of Direct Lithium Extraction technology, and the implementation of a pilot plant for the development of cathodes using Bolivian lithium carbonate.

Natural gas exports, after reaching a peak of $6.113 billion in 2013 and $6.011 billion in 2014, have declined in recent years due to production declines in the country. Last year, sales to the markets of Brazil and Argentina totaled $2.046.8 billion, a 31.1% decrease.

The revenue of Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos (YPFB), from gas sales to external and internal markets, decreased by $1.030 billion, or 30.2%, between 2022 and 2023.

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