Ancestral Medicine and Bioeconomy | Medicina ancestral y bioeconomía

By El Deber:

Ancestral Medicine and Bioeconomy: Women of Santiago de Chiquitos Protect the Forest and Preserve Traditional Knowledge

Medicina ancestral y bioeconomía: mujeres de Santiago de Chiquitos protegen el bosque y preservan sus saberes

Sofia Frias with a copaiba bark to prepare the remedies

Santiago de Chiquitos, Bolivia — In the Chiquitano dry forest, ancestral medicine remains alive thanks to the women of the Asociación de Medicina Natural Santiagueña (Amenas), who safeguard knowledge passed down through generations and sustainably use more than 50 medicinal plant species.

For Sofía Frías, president of Amenas and one of the guardians of this tradition, natural medicine is far more than a way to treat illnesses. It is a way of life rooted in caring for nature and honoring ancestral wisdom.

“Healing is a gift that must be practiced with humility and love for others. It is not only about healing the body, but also the soul, because those who heal learn to care for water, the land, and everything that breathes,” Frías said.

This ancestral knowledge has been strengthened through an innovation process supported by Lurdes Céspedes, value chain coordinator at Fundación Natura Bolivia. The initiative improved the production of medicinal products and replaced certain conventional ingredients with natural alternatives.

Traditional formulations that once included petroleum jelly, glycerin, and genetically modified soybean oils were reformulated using beeswax, cusi oil, and other natural ingredients. These changes improved the quality, texture, and preservation of ointments, balms, and lotions while increasing the value of the artisans’ work.

The Forest as a Source of Life and Income

The initiative is part of a bioeconomy approach that seeks to create economic opportunities through the sustainable use of natural resources without compromising forest conservation.

Henry Bloomfield, technical director of Fundación Natura Bolivia, explained that the goal is to help communities responsibly benefit from the resources found in their territories while strengthening local livelihoods.

“By generating economic opportunities that improve livelihoods and, at the same time, contribute to forest conservation,” he said.

Under this model, conservation and income generation are not opposing goals. Instead, the sustainable use of medicinal plants provides an alternative source of income for forest-dependent families and creates incentives to protect natural resources.

Plants That Carry Memory

Among the species most valued by Amenas members are isiga (Protium heptaphyllum) and copaibo (Copaifera langsdorffii), whose oleoresin is considered one of the forest’s most important natural resources.

From the copaibo tree, women harvest resin, bark, and seeds, transforming them into oils, ointments, and other natural remedies used to treat a variety of ailments. Because it is one of the most widely used species, it also receives special attention during collection.

Harvesting takes place in water conservation areas, within the Tucabaca Departmental Reserve, and in zones linked to protecting Santiago de Chiquitos’ water system. Collectors take only what is necessary, respect natural cycles, and ensure the regeneration of plant populations.

For Frías, one of the most meaningful achievements is seeing her daughters become interested in the knowledge she inherited from her ancestors. In them, she sees the continuation of a legacy connected not only to medicine but also to the community’s cultural identity.

This learning is transmitted through experience and daily interaction with the forest: understanding plants, recognizing their uses, knowing when to harvest them, and learning how to use them without threatening their survival.

In this way, ancestral knowledge remains a bridge between generations. The women of Amenas preserve not only a medicinal practice but also a unique relationship with their territory.

Through medicinal plants, community agreements, and innovation in product development, Santiago de Chiquitos is advancing toward a model where forest conservation, cultural heritage, and local economic development can thrive together. At the center of this process are the women who safeguard a body of knowledge rooted in nature and sustained by future generations.

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