The Dollar After the Adjustment | El dólar después del ajuste

By Óscar Heredia, El Diario:

There are economic decisions that seek to solve an urgent problem, and others that signal the beginning of a new stage. The recent easing of the foreign exchange market belongs to the second category. Not because it will, by itself, solve the problems Bolivia faces, but because it acknowledges a reality that the country could no longer continue postponing.

For weeks, the dollar has been at the center of public discussion. It was inevitable. When a family discovers that its money no longer goes as far as it did before; when a small business owner does not know how much it will cost to restock merchandise; when a producer doubts whether he will be able to finance the next production cycle, the exchange rate ceases to be a concept reserved for economists and becomes a daily concern.

The measure adopted by the Government has positive aspects. A foreign exchange market with fewer distortions can reduce uncertainty, facilitate planning, and provide clearer signals for those who produce, export, and invest. No economy functions normally when the same currency has several different prices and uncertainty ends up replacing the rules.

But it would also be a mistake to think the problem ends there. As the old saying goes, you cannot cover the sun with one finger. An exchange-rate decision can bring order to the market; it cannot, by itself, create the dollars the country needs. That task still depends on production, exports, investment, and confidence.

The economy always ends up asking the questions that politics can no longer continue postponing.

The fundamental question is no longer how much the dollar will cost in a few months. The real question is where the foreign currency Bolivia will need to grow over the next decade will come from.

That is the debate that truly matters.

For years, we lived supported by an economic cycle driven by revenues from hydrocarbon sales. Thanks to that period, it was possible to maintain stability, finance imports, and accumulate reserves. However, the conditions that made that stage possible are no longer the same. This is not about disregarding what that cycle meant for the country, but about understanding that no strategy is permanent when reality changes.

The philosopher José Ortega y Gasset said: “I am myself and my circumstances.” Countries also have their circumstances. When conditions change, public policies must change with them. Insisting on answers designed for another time only prolongs problems.

The consequences of this new scenario will not be solely economic. They will also be social and political. If uncertainty declines, businesses regain the ability to invest, and families once again plan with greater confidence, the economy will find better conditions for growth. If that does not happen, any adjustment will ultimately prove insufficient.

Governing also means managing expectations. Citizens need to feel that there is a direction. Confidence is not born from speeches; it is built through coherent decisions, credible institutions, and rules that endure over time.

For that reason, the discussion should not focus exclusively on the dollar. The real challenge is to build a new economic cycle capable of generating wealth in a sustainable manner.

That means producing more and exporting more. It means transforming our natural resources into products with greater added value. It means strengthening agro-industry, consolidating tourism as a strategic industry, promoting responsible mining, supporting entrepreneurship, and creating space for technology, the knowledge economy, innovation, and the new energy sources that are already redefining competitiveness around the world.

There is a popular saying that summarizes this challenge well: first you must sow before you can reap. If Bolivia wants a stronger economy, it will first have to sow confidence, legal certainty, investment, education, productivity, and innovation. No country achieves different results by always doing the same thing.

The recent exchange-rate easing can become the beginning of a new stage. But its success will depend less on the behavior of the dollar than on Bolivia’s ability to understand that a change of cycle has begun, and that this change requires new ideas, new agreements, and a long-term vision.

Bolivia has resources, talent, and an enormous capacity to move forward. What is under consideration today is not merely an exchange rate. What is being reflected upon is the kind of country we want to build for future generations.

Currencies change in price. Countries change when they change their decisions.

The author is a political and economic analyst and former Rector of UMSA.

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