Roncal’s Musical Bridge | El puente musical de Simeón Roncal

By Iván Ramos, Erbol:

The secret of Simeón Roncal: how the Bolivian cueca was born between charangos and sacred music

Simeón Tadeo Roncal Gallardo did not only compose cuecas. He built a bridge—between the rhythms of northern Potosí, European classical music, and the baroque cathedral tradition that still resonated in Sucre.

That combination—which today defines the Bolivian cueca—was not born in salons, but along a journey.

Roncal first listened in territories such as Tomoyo, Ravelo, Tinguipaya, Pocoata, and Macha. There, he absorbed the pulse of rural charangos and the melodies that circulated outside written records.

Later, in the city, he did something different: he organized that material. He integrated it with academic structures, with the harmony of the great masters, and with the influence of sacred music that was part of Sucre’s cultural environment. The result was a stylized cueca, capable of moving between the popular and the formal.

This is no minor detail. Recent research and the sustained work of specialists such as Guillermo Calvo agree that this fusion explains why Roncal’s work marked a turning point.

This reading is reinforced by guitarist Antonio Arandia and musician Willy Claure, who maintain that it is here that the cueca is consolidated as a national genre.

Roncal was born in Sucre on April 21, 1870.

He lived between two centuries and two musical worlds. From one, he took the root; from the other, the form.

His work—around twenty cuecas—maintains a singular characteristic: it is infused with the personal.

Titles such as La AusenciaLa BrisaNoche TempestuosaRosaLa Huérfana Virginia, or El Olvido do not only name musical pieces, but intimate episodes. Several were dedicated to his daughters, Raquel and Julia, and to his son Simeón.

In 1986, in La Paz, conductor Rolando Encinas Calderón found part of this repertoire in the national music repository. The first piece that struck him was El Olvido.

Since then, its dissemination has allowed new generations to perform Roncal once again.

The composer died on January 13, 1953, in La Paz. His remains remain there.

In Sucre, the connection has not been broken. The city keeps him alive in everyday practice: every Sunday at noon, a cueca by Simeón Roncal Gallardo is once again played on Radio La Plata, in a message of “Bolivian identity.”

At the same time, a debt remains. The transfer of his remains to his hometown is still pending, awaiting authorization from his family.

Meanwhile, his legacy continues to be active—not as an archival piece, but as music that still circulates, is performed, and defines a part of Bolivian identity.

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