Corruption in the MAS Era | Corrupción en la era del MAS

By Renzo Abruzzese, Brujula Digital:

The Captive Ethos

The word ethos comes from Greek and means “character,” “custom,” or “way of being.” In philosophy and ethics, it refers to the set of values, beliefs, attitudes, and norms that characterize a person, group, or society. It is like the “spirit” or “moral personality” that guides collective behavior.

This brief article argues that the MAS kidnapped the citizen ethos. We realize this when, in attempting to analyze the MAS’s hegemony, the debate usually revolves around macroeconomic indicators, poverty reduction, or the obvious institutional crisis. Yet the deepest—and perhaps irreparable—damage is not reflected in accounting balances, but in the very fabric of the citizen ethos.

Systemic corruption, established as a mechanism of administration and domination, has functioned less as a simple act of theft and more as a pedagogy of cynicism. Over 20 years we have witnessed—so it seems to me—the deliberate devaluation of the res publica and the consolidation of a devastating logic that, at times, managed to reconfigure collective subjectivity.

What was once clearly an act of corruption, an affront to rights, or a slip of MAS-style cynicism, became part of normality. Under this logic of power, the state apparatus ceased to be the guarantor of the common good and turned into spoils administered as the personal property of the caudillo and his acolytes.

Thus, corruption stopped being a flaw in the system and became the system itself. Under these conditions, during the MAS government corruption became the indispensable lubricant of loyalties.

Access to resources, positions, and contracts was not determined by competition or merit but by proximity to the power core, generating a vast network of clientelism and patronage. Corruption thus functioned as an instrument of political domination.

The impact on the citizen ethos was devastating. The average citizen, observing this dynamic, learned to internalize the new rules of the game. They could clearly perceive that legality, in the realm of populist caudillos, is a naïve obstacle; that meritocracy is a farce; and that the only path to mobility or problem-solving lies in connections, contacts, bribery, or submission.

This is the true ethical damage: the normalization of corruption, which is nothing less than the explicit renunciation of public ethics in exchange for material benefits.

Twenty years passed before our eyes, eroding our trust—not only trust in institutions (co-opted and degraded) but also the basic interpersonal trust upon which any social project is built. If justice is venal, if the police extort, and if officials are predators, the social fabric tears apart.

The supposed ideological purity of the “process of change” served only as a moral justification for any means used, including corruption and institutional destruction. In its name, the ethics of responsibility—the one that compels rulers to weigh the real consequences of their acts—was systematically evaded; in its place, a paradigmatic, almost hallucinatory cynicism was installed.

The main legacy of masismo is the structural damage inflicted upon the moral sphere of our society—the damage that sought to make new generations believe that the State is loot, that the law is relative, and that ethics is, at best, a form of stupidity.

It now falls to future governments to rebuild the moral infrastructure of our society, the citizen ethos, and faith in the decency of public life, beyond the immense difficulties left by the economic breakdown we have inherited.

Renzo Abruzzese is a sociologist.

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