Bolivia, second highest country risk in Latin America after a 20% increase in April | Bolivia, segunda en riesgo país en América Latina tras un aumento del 20% en abril

By Los Tiempos:

The shortage of U.S. dollars hinders the import of fuels and essential goods | Carlos López

Bolivia has solidified its position as the second economy with the highest country risk in Latin America, only behind Venezuela, according to J.P. Morgan’s Emerging Markets Bond Index (EMBI), updated as of April 14. With 2,190 points, the country recorded a 20% increase this month, the highest in the region in 2025, reflecting growing distrust from international markets.

The EMBI measures the risk premium investors demand to purchase sovereign debt compared to bonds considered risk-free. Bolivia’s indicator is five times the regional average (458 points) and six times the global average (339 points), highlighting a critical situation. “We are in a worrying situation that limits access to financing and discourages foreign investment,” warned Fernando Romero, president of the Departmental Association of Economists in Tarija.

Romero attributed the increase in country risk to a combination of economic and political factors. Among the former, he highlighted the shortage of U.S. dollars, which hinders the import of fuels and essential goods, and the lack of foreign currency liquidity, which jeopardizes the payment of external debt. The use of gold reserves as collateral to obtain external financing reveals fiscal fragility, exacerbated by rising inflation and the depreciation of the local currency.

On the political front, the breakdown of alliances among presidential pre-candidates and institutional tensions have deepened uncertainty, worsening international perceptions of Bolivia. “Political instability sends negative signals to the markets,” Romero explained.

While Bolivia faces these challenges, other countries in the region are showing progress. Ecuador reduced its country risk by 20% in April, thanks to political stability following the re-election of President Daniel Noboa. Argentina, for its part, achieved a 12% drop in its indicator, driven by economic reforms from President Javier Milei’s administration and the support of multilateral organizations. In contrast, Venezuela remains in first place with 18,307 points after a 14% increase this month, mired in a deep economic and institutional crisis.

The high country risk has direct consequences for Bolivia: it makes international financing more expensive, puts pressure on import costs, and hinders the arrival of foreign investment—essential elements for economic growth and job creation.

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