Masismo 101: Complicity among rogues, and cynicism | Complicidad entre pillos y el cinismo

By Alfonso Gumucio Dagron, Brujula Digital:

Whale Skin

I confess that my capacity for amazement remains intact: “I can’t understand” (as the Chapare cacique always says) the cynicism that protects certain national political figures like a bulletproof vest. These individuals seem impervious to everything, including direct accusations about their ethical and moral, not just political, behavior.

For example, and just to recall a few widely known facts, Vice President Choquehuanca has not said a word (as far as I know) about the accusation that his 25-year-old son owns a house valued at 300 thousand dollars and also received a bank loan of 1 million Bolivianos. Compared to this accusation, the other one pales: that the young man “works” in a state institution in a position for which he is not qualified. Choquehuanca didn’t flinch; he simply took the opportunity to flee on another of his many international trips at the public’s expense, which yield no beneficial results for the country.

The sons of President Arce Catacora have also been accused of illicit enrichment and trafficking large tracts of land in Santa Cruz, but Arcinico or “Tilín,” with his usual indifference, has not commented on the matter.

The President of the Chamber of Deputies, with a monolithic face that never blushes, seems immune to the public accusations about the smuggling of illegal vehicles and corruption through officials appointed by him in the lower house, among many others. He doesn’t do his job, but he “works” in the shadows to enrich himself: ten declared assets and a debt of 2.7 million Bolivianos (note, this is what he admits, but there’s much more).

Julia Ramos, former deputy, former Minister of Lands under Evo Morales, and now Vice President of MAS, after being involved in the FONDIOC Indigenous Fund corruption scandal, imprisoned and released by the “justice” system loyal to MAS, has 174 properties in her name in Tarija (this is what has been discovered so far in the Real Rights records). And nothing happens.

Deputy Jorge Rengel Terrazas took 51 million dollars out of the country to Belgium, Ivory Coast, Germany, and Turkey, but he has no qualms about saying that he accumulated that money through the smuggling of illegal vehicles (he couldn’t reach the mentioned astronomical sum even with more than 2,000 vehicles). Well, the deputy is still a deputy, and no one blinks an eye. This is typical in the MAS era, which has plunged Bolivia into the deepest decadence.

The succession of scandals involving MAS leaders leaves me speechless, although I note that the majority of the population is so domesticated that they don’t care. In earlier times, corruption was not a daily occurrence but resonated for months, covering those involved in a shadow of disgrace. Today, without blushing, they continue in their positions or, if they resign, they recycle into other state positions, often to proceed in the same way, that is, to enrich themselves shamelessly.

Few pay with jail time for their excesses and corrupt practices. A notable case of corruption from Evo Morales’ first government is Santos Ramírez, his close friend with whom he shared an apartment in Miraflores. In those days, Evo declared that he would “never” occupy the presidential house of “dictators and neoliberals” (but he soon forgot his promise). Santos Ramírez was the main figure implicated in the Catler case, which only came to light because there was a murder involved. Otherwise, no one would have known about the multimillion-dollar corruption of the rural teacher who overnight became the president of YPFB, the most important state company. The next day, Morales came out to defend him, but a couple of days later, he had to eat his words in the face of overwhelming evidence presented by the police. Santos Ramírez spent a few years in jail and is free again, probably enjoying the millions he never returned.

Equally emblematic is the case of Gabriela Zapata, one of Evo Morales’ secret lovers, who also spent a few years in prison and now enjoys her ill-gotten fortune in Cochabamba. Some distract attention with a soap opera-worthy gossip: whether or not a child exists between them, when the real issue is the hundreds of millions of dollars in contracts with the Chinese company CAMC, of which Zapata was an employee or intermediary, without any professional capacity, solely due to her intimate relationship with the boss (who is ultimately responsible for the misappropriated public funds). Morales has not yet been called even as a witness, nor have Quintana, Romero, and other former ministers who tried to create a smokescreen to also hide the fact of pedophilia, as Zapata was a minor when she started her intimate relationship with the “great Indian chief of the south,” as dictator Nicolás Maduro called him.

One of the most notorious cases due to the damage to the public treasury is the Indigenous Fund, which saw nearly 200 million dollars evaporate into the personal accounts of leaders of the prefabricated “social movements,” nests of unethical thieves. Nemesia Achacollo (protected by Evo Morales) and a few others spent a few months in jail, but the one who reported the facts, Marco Antonio Aramayo, died behind bars after several years of harassment and psychological torture, with more than a hundred lawsuits against him (they continue to add processes even though he is already dead), as if he had been an accomplice in each of the embezzlements. The main responsible, Evo Morales, was not even called as a witness.

Rogues like the former attorneys general of the Republic, Héctor Arce Zaconeta, Pablo Menacho, César Navarro, and Wilfredo Chávez, among others, have been navigating between state positions and their private law firms, using the former to benefit the latter. They are accused of having “lost” multimillion-dollar international arbitrations for Bolivia, from which they apparently emerged personally favored. The Quiborax case is emblematic because the Bolivian state ended up paying 42.6 million dollars, more than ten times the initially estimated amount. It is obvious that corruption played a role there; no one believes the story that Bolivian lawyers are that useless. In total, it is estimated that thanks to these scoundrels, the state has lost more than 715 million dollars in international litigations. This is not an invention of the opposition, much to the regime’s chagrin. The data comes from reports from the State Attorney General’s Office, which could not hide them: 65 million dollars to Red Eléctrica Internacional S.A.U.; 357 million to Pan American Energy; 18 million to Inversiones Econergy Bolivia (GDF Suez S.A.); 240 million to Carlson Dividend Facility; 10 million to The Bolivian Generating Group; 34 million to Iberdrola; 20 million to Paz Holdings Ltd; 36 million to Rurelec Plc; 26 million to South American Silver Limited (SAS), and so on.

As with an iceberg, there is a large part of the corruption that is hidden and will come to light when there are possibilities to investigate transparently and audit all the projects and programs of the MAS governments. Behind each state company (all deficit-ridden, created solely to employ militants), there are overpricing, mismanagement, and misuse of public assets: urea plant, “international” airport of Chimoré, Evo museum in Orinoca, Unasur headquarters, San Buenaventura mill, Papelbol, Emapa, Mutún iron company, Yacimientos de Litio Bolivianos, YPFB, BoA, etc.

The list of MAS thieves enriched illicitly is very long; there are so many that if one didn’t consult the archives, one would risk forgetting them. Juan Santos Cruz, who received bribes as Minister of Environment and Water, Edwin Characayo caught red-handed receiving a bribe for land titling in San Ramón, the former mayors of El Alto, Edgar Patana and Zacarías Maquera, etc.

There are countless articles and books about the most notorious corruption cases during MAS governments, but impunity reigns. The rogues are rewarded with low-profile positions or have a foot out of Bolivia just in case the time comes to be held accountable. In the best-case scenario, they are sent to jail for a while and then benefit from “house arrest,” which in this country is a sort of reward. We don’t even know where they are.

Never in all of Bolivia’s history has corruption been so widespread in the state apparatus, and never have the amounts of embezzlements been so large. The corruption cases during military dictatorships or neoliberal governments are minuscule by comparison. The rot in the two decades of MAS not only caused economic damage to the state but also left two generations of young people eager to be corrupted because those are their new “values.”

I reiterate my intact astonishment, even more so when it seems that most Bolivians don’t care, perhaps because they are waiting for their opportunity to do exactly the same. Twenty years of MAS rule have established as the norm the crafty cunning, complicity among rogues, and cynicism. Not only do the rogues have whale skin, but also the citizens whom nearly two decades of MAS rule have domesticated to the point where corruption is a normal everyday fact for them.

@AlfonsoGumucio is a writer and filmmaker

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