DS 5676: The “Diesel Shock”? | ¿El Dieselazo?

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By Francesco Zaratti:

Press Release:

Supreme Decree (DS) 5676, issued on August 16, 2026, authorizes YPFB to market diesel at market prices, just as DS 5644 had previously authorized private operators to do.

The measure had been widely anticipated. Maintaining the fixed price of Bs 9.80 per liter not only normalized shortages and long queues at fuel stations, but also severely affected productive sectors that rely on diesel (heavy transport, agriculture, and mining), distorted the pricing chain of several basic consumer goods, strained the finances of both the country and YPFB, and, through the subsidy, encouraged fuel smuggling to neighboring countries.

At least seven key questions arise from this decree:

1. Who will pay the new diesel price?
According to Article 2, the new price will be paid by “large” consumers, defined as those using 120 liters or more per month. Direct Users (consuming between 120 and 5,000 liters monthly) will purchase fuel at service stations, while those consuming more than 5,000 liters per month (Direct Clients and GRACO taxpayers) will buy directly from YPFB.

2. What will the new price be?
The new price (Reference Price) will be determined through a methodology that includes YPFB’s import costs and sales taxes. The methodology will be established in regulations to be issued within approximately ten days. In the meantime, the Reference Price for users is set at Bs 18 per liter.

3. Will there be two markets?
Yes. One market will consist of consumers using less than 120 liters per month, who will continue paying Bs 9.80 per liter. The second market will include all other consumers, who will pay the Reference Price established by the ANH based on a methodology approved by the Ministry of Hydrocarbons and Energy (MHE).

4. Who will benefit from the price increase?
According to Article 4, the price differential will be used to strengthen YPFB’s fragile financial position.

5. Will diesel supply return to normal?
It is expected that eliminating the subsidy, together with financial backing from the National Treasury (TGN), will help normalize the supply of imported diesel in the coming weeks.

6. What will happen to other fuels (gasoline, LPG, and natural gas)?
DS 5676 does not change the prices of other fuels. It only extends the tariff duty deferral on gasoline imports until December 31, 2027.

7. How will the new diesel price affect the economy?
The higher diesel price will undoubtedly lead to adjustments throughout the pricing chain for users consuming more than 120 liters per month. The extent of these adjustments will depend on the role energy costs play in their overall cost structure.

Conclusion:
In practice, the diesel subsidy is being eliminated—except for consumers using less than 120 liters per month. A new Reference Price of Bs 18 per liter is established, with flexibility to be adjusted under regulations approved by the MHE and implemented by the ANH within a maximum of ten days.

Best regards,

Francesco Zaratti
Physicist and Energy Policy Analyst

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