Energy at Risk | Energía en Riesgo

By El Diario:

War in the Middle East Affects the Hydrocarbons Sector

Between Distrust and the Risk of Returning to the Past

The increase in the price of oil on the international market will cause fuel prices to rise, which will affect the final commercialization value.

After more than 100 days of Rodrigo Paz’s government, the hydrocarbons sector has entered an uncertain phase because the authorities in charge, despite having extensive experience, have not yet made structural decisions to change Yacimientos Petrolíferos Fiscales Bolivianos (YPFB). This is reflected in the reappearance of lines at gas stations, the very poor quality of gasoline, and the wait for regulations to restructure the entire sector to make it attractive to private capital. Meanwhile, distrust is growing and the risks of returning to the past are close.

Report

The recent Ipsos Ciesmori report, “Poor Quality Gasoline: Perceptions of the Government Narrative and the Compensation Insurance,” reveals deep skepticism regarding the government’s narrative about fuel quality and supply problems.

In this context, the survey shows that 65% of citizens in the main urban axis distrust the official explanation that attributes the failures to “sabotage” or a “political boycott.” In contrast, only 27% support this official thesis.

The majority perception (44%) is that this narrative is an excuse to evade YPFB’s responsibility for the lack of controls, while 21% point to a direct lack of transparency in imports.

Regionally, skepticism is notably deeper in Cochabamba, where credibility in the government’s version drops to 19%. In contrast, Santa Cruz shows the highest level of confidence in the official discourse, although it still remains a minority with barely 30% support.

Regarding the government’s response through insurance to repair affected vehicles, public opinion is divided. Some 46% consider the 12 requirements demanded to access the benefit to be fair, viewing them as necessary to prevent fraud. However, 33% describe the process as excessively bureaucratic, suggesting that it seeks to discourage claims, and 13% consider it exclusionary due to the complexity of the documentation.

Finally, there is strong disbelief regarding the promise of retroactive reimbursements for those who already repaired their engines on their own. Some 68% of the population distrusts that this announcement will be fulfilled. The main reasons for this distrust are the technical difficulty of proving damage in engines already repaired (44%) and the perception that it is a political promise to curb protests (24%). Pessimism about reimbursements is strongest in El Alto (79% distrust) and Cochabamba (74%).

Faced with this negative perception among the population, energy sector analyst Álvaro Ríos Roca wrote on his account @alvaroriosroca: “The mystery of the gasoline has been solved. Something did not add up in the official explanations. (There were) about six (contradictions). The base gasoline had gum outside specification. The most outrageous thing is that everything indicates they tried to hide the truth.”

YPFB

During the first 100 days of government, authorities in the hydrocarbons sector have not managed to restructure the state oil company. However, due to the poor gasoline quality, a YPFB press release states that more than 400 officials were dismissed as part of the restructuring process.

Hydrocarbons sector analyst at the Jubileo Foundation, Raúl Velásquez, explained on his account @RaulVelag that “since 2005 (Hydrocarbons Law 3058), year after year the population trusts YPFB less and less.”

“Fifteen executive presidents, all interim, between 2006–2026. Twenty years marked by corruption, political meddling, waste, and improvisation. Zero credibility in YPFB. Reform is urgent,” he observed.

He therefore proposes suggestions such as appointing the president and board of YPFB from shortlists proposed by the Plurinational Legislative Assembly (ALP). For this, no new regulation is required; it is already in the statutes. Also, by law repealing Articles 22 and 23 of Law No. 3058, establishing that the statute defines the structure and location.

He complements the proposal by suggesting resizing YPFB, outsourcing refining, transportation, and commercialization, as well as implementing an Institutional Reform Program in YPFB and the National Hydrocarbons Agency (ANH), institutionalizing all positions based on prior experience in Roads, Taxes, and Customs (1999–2001).

Risks

Last year, Ríos warned that during the current administration the country might have to import part of the natural gas consumed domestically due to the lack of exploration to discover new reserves.

However, in an interview with a media outlet, the Minister of Hydrocarbons and Energy, Mauricio Medinaceli, assured that they are working to avoid that possibility and expect positive results during the current administration.

As is remembered, the drop in gas production caused the loss of the Argentine market and a reduction in income, while lower volumes are being sent to Brazil, not reaching 50% of what used to be exported—30 million cubic meters per day (MMmcd)—and therefore revenues fell from $6 billion to less than $2 billion.

This situation was further complicated by the drop in liquids production, especially for gasoline and diesel, which led to the import of both at a cost of around $3 billion per year.

Despite having eliminated the subsidy, the specter of restoring it has not disappeared, economists warn, as armed conflicts in the Middle East resurface following attacks by the United States and Israel against Iran, and the response was quick to come, to the point of closing the Strait of Hormuz.

This scenario affects the global economy and Bolivia is not spared due to its imports, which account for more than 50% of gasoline and over 90% of diesel; now the budget may increase following the rise in oil prices.

In this regard, analyst Gonzalo Chávez warned on his account @GonzaloCHavezA: “Very bad news. Oil above $90 per barrel; hydrocarbon subsidies will return in Bolivia, at least until June.”

Official

Last Thursday, the Minister of Hydrocarbons and Energy, Mauricio Medinaceli, reported before the Senate that warnings about gasoline quality made in September 2025 by the Bolivian Automotive Chamber (CAB) to the previous YPFB administration were not addressed in time. Therefore, the current government is investigating the irregularities and applying corrective measures to guarantee quality fuels.

According to the note in question, “these problems would be directly related to the quality of gasoline marketed in the country. However, the institutional response at that time was the creation of working groups, without immediate corrective measures.”

Gasoline Controls

The Ministry reported that, through YPFB and the National Hydrocarbons Agency, new control measures have been implemented throughout the gasoline supply chain. Among the main actions are increased quality controls at plants and tanker trucks with independent certifications, a progressive tank cleaning program for storage facilities, stricter parameters for imported fuels, and the incorporation of additives to improve gasoline stability and prevent gum formation.

Likewise, YPFB announced the inclusion of new additives to improve gasoline, which, according to the state company, caused delays in fuel dispatches and led to the return of queues. However, reports of poor-quality gasoline continue.

The government plans to increase national production in refineries through the import of crude oil, with the objective of reducing dependence on imported fuels.

Damage

The Contingency Registration and Evaluation System (SREC) was enabled through WhatsApp 72150600 and the line 50850088, where users can register reports about the effects of gasoline on their vehicles.

Each case will be registered, validated, and technically evaluated. Damages will be classified as minor, medium, and severe. Minor cases may be resolved more quickly through a sworn statement and direct payment, while the others will require additional technical evaluation.

On the other hand, following statements by Samuel Doria Medina, an ally of Rodrigo Paz, who published on his account @SDoriaMedina that the government should stop blaming other administrations for fuel problems.

Medinaceli’s reaction did not take long, and his response was: “Whoever thinks this is not the fault of the previous administration does not fully understand the hydrocarbons sector.”

Data

After 20 years of rent-seeking and statism:
– Between 2005–2015 gas reserves discovered in the 1990s were overexploited to obtain more revenue in order to spend more.
– Gas production fell by 54% between 2015–2025 due to lack of exploration, loss of markets, and corruption.

Source: Raúl Velásquez

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