Oruro: Evolution of the Diablada Mask | Evolución máscaras de la Diablada

By Juan Gonzáles, Red Uno; Eju.tv:

Carnival 2026: This Is How the Diablada Mask Evolved

The masks or face coverings of the Diablada are icons of Bolivia’s Oruro Carnival, crafted by artisans who represent the constant struggle between good and evil.

A Red Uno team arrived in the city of Oruro to recall the origins and meanings of the Diablada masks. Their origin dates back to the colonial period, and they underwent transformations influenced by Andean and Catholic culture.

The masks or face coverings of the Diablada are icons of Bolivia’s Oruro Carnival, made by artisans who portray the constant struggle between good and evil.

The first masks were simple and represented deities for miners, evolving to today’s versions with bulging eyes, horns, serpents, and fire as part of their display.

Oruro historian Fabrizio Cazorla explains how the masks evolved, noting that at first each face covering had a color representing the seven deadly sins and symbolized the cults performed by miners to the “Tío” (devil).

“Each mask had a color: yellow, greed; red, wrath; green, gluttony; and so on. Those masks remain as a testimony to the creation and the meaning these roles had within the Diablada (…) a very human physiognomy, and over time this changed because the costume itself is modified,” Cazorla says.

Throughout the evolution, elements of the four plagues—the viper, lizard, toad, and ant—were added, making the Diablada costume more complex. Artisans had to update themselves generation after generation, always safeguarding and protecting the essence of what the dance represents.

The Diablada is a symbol and synonym of the Oruro Carnival, where year after year thousands of dancers joyfully express this permanent struggle between good and evil.

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