The Two Bolivian Models | Los dos modelos bolivianos

Editorial, El Dia:

In Bolivia, two very different ways of understanding work, wealth, and time coexist. This is not a cultural or regionalist debate in any superficial sense; it is a profound difference in business models. On one side, there is the short-term extractive model, shaped by the logic of the lucky break. On the other, the long-term productive model, built on investment, cycles, and patience. Both schemes clash forcefully and generate tension when it comes to burying the legacy left to us by the MAS.

Simón Patiño is the most powerful symbol of the first model. His rise was vertiginous. Very little time passed between when he began working his own mine and when he discovered the famous vein that made him a millionaire. It was not the result of decades of productive accumulation, but of an extraordinary find in a sector where wealth can appear—or disappear—from one day to the next. That historical experience left a deep mark: the idea that prosperity arrives suddenly, by luck, through a saving vein.

That imaginary is still alive in western Bolivia. The dream of Cerro Rico has not died. The expectation persists that, at some point, something extraordinary will restore lost greatness: a resource, a state project, a favorable international price, an unexpected rent. It is a short-term mindset, dependent on extractivism and, often, on the State. Little is invested, even less is risked, and much is expected.

The business community of the eastern region was formed in a different environment. Here there are no miraculous veins. There is land, climate, uncertainty, and time. The agricultural producer sows with no guarantee of harvest. The cattle rancher invests knowing that a cow takes years to generate returns: it must grow, reproduce, enter lactation, and face diseases, droughts, or floods. Agroindustry demands capital, technology, training, and a vision measured not in months, but in decades.

The Santa Cruz entrepreneur—producer, industrialist, or agro-industrialist—understands cycles, accepts losses, and plans for the long term. He knows that instant wealth does not exist and that economic freedom is built through discipline, reinvestment, and sustained work. That is why, when subsidies are discussed, the reaction is not automatic rejection. There is discomfort, yes, but also understanding: nothing is free, everything is paid for, and someone always finances the distortion.

While in the east many accept the end of subsidies as a harsh but necessary measure to reorder the economy, in the west resistance is fierce. Not only for social reasons, but because the subsidy fits perfectly into the logic of the lucky break: a benefit that arrives without having gone through the productive process, a rent that replaces long-term effort.

The last twenty years reinforced that mindset. The cycle of high prices and fiscal abundance was experienced as a confirmation of the model: spend today, distribute today, enjoy today. When the boom ends, conflict appears. The productive model, by contrast, is accustomed to scarcity, adverse cycles, and adjusting without dramatics.

Bolivia is not facing only an economic crisis; it is facing a dispute between two ways of understanding wealth. One model waits for luck to save it; the other accepts that time, work, and investment are unavoidable. As long as this difference is not recognized, the country will remain trapped between the nostalgia of Cerro Rico and the patience of the furrow. That is, at bottom, the true struggle of the two models.

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