Heritage 101: Museum of Mother Earth Showcases the Legacy of Bolivia’s Ancestral Culture | Museo de la Madre Tierra muestra el legado de la cultura ancestral de Bolivia

By Dehymar Antezana, Brújula Digital:

The first Museum of Mother Earth was inaugurated in Oruro with the main goal of preserving, showcasing, and preventing the ancestral cultural legacy of Bolivia—specifically the tradition of ritual “mesas” or “q’owa”—from being forgotten.

View of the Mother Earth Museum/Dehymar Antezana

White mesas, mesas for the souls, mesas for prosperity, mesas for the deceased, and mesas for health are some of the exhibits displayed in the recently inaugurated Madre Tierra Museum in the city of Oruro. It is the first of its kind in Bolivia.

The initiative comes from Mrs. Antonia Aguilar Romero de Morales, who took on the challenge of presenting Bolivia’s ancestral ritual mesas to ensure that the memory of this cultural heritage is not lost among the people of the country.

“That’s why I created the museum, so that it won’t be forgotten, so that our students can learn about our traditions, customs, and rituals that exist in Oruro, because Oruro, we could say, is the cradle of this kind of tradition, mainly due to our mining centers and Uru culture,” she explained.

The Museum of Mother Earth seeks to explain and recover ancient ancestral culture, particularly the ritual ceremony that took place when a mesa—also known as a “q’owa”—was offered to Pachamama, once called “Virgina” or “Virgin.”

“We must not forget our ancestral traditions; there are about fifty types of mesas. There are mesas for Pachamama, for raising spirits, Mesa Gloria for the Lord, mesas of forgiveness, mesas for little angels, mesas for the soul, cleansing mesas, mesas against curses, mesa especería—which was once practiced to bring rain but is hardly performed today,” she said.

There are also other types of mesas, such as the Santísimo (Holy Sacrament), represented by the Lord holding the world; mesas for the deceased, mesas for health, mesas for the mine, mesas for transportation, among others, using natural elements no longer common, such as corn, an ancestral symbol of protection.

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The museum was named “Mother Earth” because the earth itself sustains the planet and its inhabitants.

“I want anthropology students from different universities across the country, or citizens who wish to learn about these rituals, to visit so that ancestral culture remains alive,” she emphasized.

She also noted that she is preparing a book that will record each of these mesas and describe how they are traditionally offered, depending on the season or circumstance.

Aguilar’s challenge is to continue adding to the museum—located in her own home—examples of mesas offered to Pachamama from Bolivia’s nine departments. To achieve this, she will begin a tour of the country next week, starting with the city of Tarija.

According to studies in this field, Aguilar explained that the origin of these traditions dates back to ancient times, from the Uru culture, centered in the municipality of Huari in the department of Oruro.

She added that a photograph from 1917 shows a mesa offered to the San José mine in Oruro, providing evidence of how the ritual was practiced. Another noteworthy detail is that when the San José Club of Oruro was founded on March 19, 1942, at seven in the morning that day, a mesa was offered to Pachamama so the soccer team could receive the earth’s energy—something forgotten today.

The museum is located in Oruro, on Aroma “A” Street, near Tejerina passage. Admission is free.

“I love Oruro, I didn’t create the museum to charge money; I want Oruro and Bolivia to know their ancestral culture. Visits take place on weekend afternoons, but people can also contact me in advance so I can receive them,” she said.

She clarified that many people confuse mesas with witchcraft rituals; however, she stressed that they are a way of giving thanks to Mother Earth in a gesture of reciprocity.

BD/RPU

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