About a thousand exiles and another 200 political prisoners see the elections as a path to regain their freedom and return to the country | Unos mil exiliados y otros 200 presos políticos ven en las elecciones una vía para recuperar su libertad y volver al país

By Raúl Peñaranda, Brújula Digital:

The legal proceedings stemmed from political and judicial conflicts, and both exiles and political prisoners view the electoral change as an opportunity to be tried with legal guarantees and return to Bolivia with the hope of a more impartial justice system.

San Pedro prison in La Paz. Photo: Social Media.

Around a thousand exiles —including ministers from Gonzalo Sánchez de Lozada’s cabinet who left the country after Evo Morales’ government began legal action against them— hope to return after Sunday’s elections. Some have been abroad since 2003, when Sánchez de Lozada’s second term ended.

Alongside them, roughly 200 political prisoners accused over the 2019 repression also await an electoral shift that could lead to their release, either through annulment of their cases or a general amnesty.

The list of political prisoners is headed by former president Jeanine Añez, Santa Cruz governor Luis Fernando Camacho, and former Potosí civic leader Marco Pumari, all accused of a supposed coup d’état that never occurred.

Exiles living in cities like Lima, Madrid, and Washington closely follow the electoral process, which could end with an opposition victory over MAS-aligned candidates.

Officials from Sánchez de Lozada’s 2002–2003 government were accused by prosecutors under Morales of various crimes, particularly ministers who signed a decree authorizing the armed forces to act against protests over a possible gas sale to Chile. That military and police repression left 67 dead.

The ministers’ defense argued that they only authorized military deployment, not killings, but Morales’ government still pursued charges. While some military chiefs were imprisoned for years, most managed to leave the country and rebuild their lives abroad, albeit at great personal cost.

In an interview with Iván Ramos for Periodismo que Cuenta, former minister Hugo Carvajal —now under asylum with the Spanish NGO ACCEM— said the country’s turnaround depends on cleansing the judiciary. He stressed his exile was the result of a “politically manipulated” case: “I’m not avoiding trial, but I want an independent court, free of manipulation and pressure. Democracy must go hand in hand with deep judicial reform to restore credibility and open the doors for the return of thousands of exiles.”

Carvajal warned that Evo Morales “is not defeated” and could refocus his influence on local elections, “seeking territorial control of governorships and municipalities.”

The government of Luis Arce has also targeted others, such as former La Paz mayor Luis Revilla, accused of overpricing the PumaKatari buses and living in Brazil since 2022. In his interview with Ramos, Revilla said his return depends on deep judicial reform: “It’s not about nullifying cases, but about considering the evidence, rebuttals, and documents proving our innocence. We want trials to be conducted in strict legality and with real guarantees.”

Revilla warned that Bolivia’s crisis is not only economic, but also institutional and moral: “We must rebuild the institutions that have collapsed in recent years.” He said he has stabilized financially through affordable housing projects but acknowledged the personal cost: “I left behind my eldest daughter and my mother in Bolivia. This is a painful uprooting shared by thousands of compatriots.”

Carvajal and Revilla agree that August 17 will decide not only the next government but also whether hundreds of Bolivians scattered around the world can return home knowing they will be heard and judged under due process.

BD/RPU

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