High-Altitude Apples and Raspberries: From La Phia, in Tunari, for Bolivia | Manzanas y frambuesas de ‘altura’: de La Phia, en el Tunari, para Bolivia

By Violeta Soria, Opinion:

In addition to boasting magical tourist destinations where native aliso and kewiña forests take center stage, the community of La Phia, located in the highlands of Tunari Park, has ventured into the production of organic raspberries and apples.

Manzanas y frambuesas de ‘altura’- de La Phia, en el Tunari./ DICO SOLÍS
High-Altitude Apples and Raspberries – From La Phia, in Tunari./ DICO SOLÍS

It is a March morning, and close to the sky, at nearly 3,000 meters above sea level, Elizabeth Patzi harvests bright red raspberries in La Phia, a community that protects native alder and kewiña trees, hidden in the heart of Tunari National Park, within the jurisdiction of Tiquipaya.

In addition to being a sanctuary for kewiña (Polylepis) forests—a millenary tree endemic to the Andes that plays a vital role in ecosystems by “attracting rain”—La Phia, a high-altitude community with 74 members and a school of 33 students, has also chosen to focus on organic raspberry and apple cultivation.

Hilarión Rocha, a producer and the general secretary of the La Phia community, affirms that his home is a true natural gem that, besides promoting sustainable and community-based tourism, contributes to the production of high-altitude organic food in Bolivia.  

THE HARVEST

Hidden among raspberry bushes that, in some cases, reach two meters in height, facing the sun, with a light drizzle that never quite falls, and carrying a basket hanging from her neck, Elizabeth carefully harvests the velvety-skinned fruit with fine golden hairs, applying gentle, delicate pulls.

The process requires extreme care, and Elizabeth knows it well. As she strokes and picks each fruit, made up of small clustered drupelets, she explains, almost as if giving a master class, that if too much force is applied, the fragile raspberry “cries.”

“You have to know how to harvest. If you squeeze the fruit, it gets damaged and is discarded. Once you get used to it, you just take it off gently,” she explains to ASÍ magazine from OPINIÓN, standing in the middle of a half-hectare plot filled with 15-year-old bushes owned by Alejandrina Montaño, La Phia’s largest producer.

ORGANIC

But what makes La Phia’s raspberries different? The answer lies in their organic production. The water that nourishes the fruit comes directly from the sky, while the soil where they grow is enriched with rice husk mulch.

Unlike raspberries from Chile—one of the world’s leading producers of this fruit classified as a berry—and whose supply floods the Bolivian market, La Phia’s raspberries are cultivated by local hands, without chemicals, in pristine lands free of pesticides and watched over by birds that protect the alders and kewiñas, or “water factories.”

“We don’t use any chemicals. We prune the plants in August, and they grow back. The taste is different; they’re sweeter than others,” the harvester says.

RASPBERRY SEASON

With five years of experience harvesting this forest fruit, Elizabeth explains that each year, La Phia’s raspberry harvest begins in mid-February and extends until the end of May.

When the raspberry season arrives at high altitudes, experienced harvesters from the community, as well as others from “down below” in Tiquipaya, immerse themselves in the harvest.

Amidst robust red-fruited bushes, the picking begins at sunrise and lasts until midday, the ideal time since the berries remain fresh. In the afternoon, sorting continues until the setting sun marks the end of the day.

“Not everything we harvest goes to market. For example, the smaller, slightly tart ones go for freezing, while the more perfect ones go to market as fresh fruit,” Elizabeth details.

MARKET

From La Phia, these forest fruits reach the local market in Cochabamba, either fresh or frozen, ideal for desserts and other preparations like jams, ice creams, and chocolate-covered treats.

For now, the production lacks a dedicated or guaranteed market and is sold in Tiquipaya on Sundays at seven bolivianos per small box. Those interested in purchasing by the kilo or in bulk, either fresh or frozen, can contact Elizabeth Patzi at +591 68462069.

ONE OF THE LARGEST PRODUCERS

With half a hectare of cultivated land, Alejandrina Montaño stands as one of La Phia’s leading raspberry producers.

With five years of experience in the organic raspberry business at high altitudes, she explains that she chose this venture because the fruit “grows well in the area.”

So much so that, each harvest season, the Montaño family produces nearly 350 boxes, each containing 54 individual fruit containers.

Visitors to La Phia who come to see its organic raspberry fields, cultivated by local hands as part of the community’s sustainable tourism initiative, can also experience direct contact with the region’s native forests and highland birds.

Observing the towering alders and the kewiñas, with their tiny leaves and reddish trunks covered in thin, peeling layers, remains a rare luxury offered by this community nestled in the heart of Tunari. 

RUBY RED APPLES

In addition to raspberries, the fertile lands of La Phia also produce organic apples. These grow in soil enriched with alder leaves, known as one of the best fertilizers in Tunari.

“These apples are natural; we don’t spray them with chemicals (…) that’s why they are tastier, bigger, and purer,” says Freddy, who highlights that besides selling fresh fruit, La Phia has also chosen to process it into vinegar and jams.

COEXISTING WITH KEWIÑAS

One of the distinguishing features of apple trees in La Phia is that they coexist with kewiñas, where a particular endangered bird, the Cochabamba mountain finch (Poospiza garleppi), nests, lives, and feeds.

In the mountains, covered by clouds that dance to the rhythm of the wind, La Phia’s apples blend in with giant plum trees. Their ruby-red color and extreme sweetness attract countless birds, their main admirers and diners.

Proud of his harvest, community member and apple producer Freddy Montecinos showed his orchard to ASÍ magazine. He explained that the community cultivates two apple varieties: Eva, with a ruby-red hue, and Princesa, with yellow tones.

FERTILIZER

The harvest begins in January and is carried out with strict soil conservation methods, which include producing a powerful fertilizer made from alder, kewiña, retama, and chacatea—the latter being a key species for hillside protection.

After the collection season, which ends in the first quarter of the year, the land and plants “go to sleep” until their next bloom. The irrigation season begins in June, and the first fruits see the sunlight in September.

“We take them to sell in the city, but we still don’t have a stable market for the apples,” Freddy laments, emphasizing that, unlike others, La Phia’s apples are cultivated naturally with the help of nature.

SEEDLINGS PER MEMBER

Currently, each community member affiliated with La Phia has 200 apple seedlings, a fruit known for being an excellent source of fiber, vitamins, and antioxidants. However, due to its success, Freddy invested in 700 seedlings, making him one of the area’s largest producers.

Other notable producers include community members Benjamín Vargas, Freddy Huanca, Félix Coca, Mauricio Coca, and Mario Rocha, each with an average of 300 seedlings.

Although apples are currently produced only once a year, the community is studying the fruit’s growth cycle—characterized by thin skin and juicy, crunchy flesh—to improve yields.

Per harvest, the producers generate between six to seven sacks, each containing nine arrobas of apples. In the local market, an arroba of La Phia apples sells for 80 bolivianos, while a box of raspberries is offered at seven bolivianos.

“The production of apples benefits us because it helps us get money for our children’s school supplies, groceries, or to buy any little thing,” Freddy highlights about the advantages of fruit farming.

Those interested in purchasing apples by arroba or kilo can contact Freddy Montecinos at 64879643. “I invite you to visit us—here, you’ll find healthy apples,” the producer suggests.

THE ORIGIN

But how did La Phia venture into apple production? It was driven by tragedy. In 2017, a massive fire in Tunari Park devastated parts of its kewiña and alder forests.

At the time, community members mourned their centuries-old giants and worked to restore them. As support and part of a productive incentive plan, the government provided each La Phia affiliate with 200 seedlings.

Thus, the community began cultivating apples in family orchards. “That year, the alders and kewiñas burned down, and because of that, we started motivating ourselves with apples,” confesses Freddy.

Following the success of raspberry production in the community, Freddy says he will start growing this fruit next August to dedicate himself “entirely” to fruit farming.

La Phia’s next venture is organic peach cultivation. The community hints at more “good news” to come.

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