Calamarca: Arcabucero Angels and Nurseries | Ángeles arcabuceros y viveros

By Abraham Coaquira Huancollo, El Diario:

Arcabucero Angels and Nurseries in Calamarca

Calamarca, located in Bolivia’s central Altiplano at over 3,800 meters above sea level, is a municipality in the La Paz department known for its historical and natural richness. With a population of approximately 15,279 inhabitants, according to the 2024 census, it is home to the Church of Calamarca, famous for the Arcabucero Angels, a series of colonial baroque paintings of great artistic value. The municipality also stands out for its private sustainable agriculture projects in extreme conditions, such as the El Surco nursery, where organic vegetables are cultivated, demonstrating ingenuity and adaptability in the face of Andean climate adversities.

One of Calamarca’s greatest treasures is its colonial church, which houses one of the most iconic artistic expressions of Hispanic America: the Arcabucero Angels. These paintings, anonymous works from the baroque period of the 16th and 17th centuries, depict angels in military attire holding arquebuses, blending religious and military elements typical of Andean colonial art. The paintings are organized into three hierarchies, each symbolizing different aspects of the divine presence: wisdom, justice, and power. The first hierarchy features seraphim and cherubim, associated with divine wisdom; the second includes angels with scepters and crowns, representing heavenly governance; and the third, linked to creation, features archangels, protectors and mediators between God and humanity. Every detail of these works reflects the devotion and symbolism of the era, making the church an unmissable site for those interested in history and baroque art.

In agriculture, at over 4,000 meters above sea level, a family has developed a project combining tradition and technology to overcome extreme climate challenges. With more than 30 years of experience, they implemented drip and mist irrigation systems in their cultivation tents, enabling the sustainable production of fresh vegetables such as lettuce, spinach, radish, and kale. The El Surco nursery is an example of high-altitude adaptation, offering a steady supply of organic products highly valued in La Paz markets for their freshness and quality. This project promotes sustainable farming, avoids chemical use, and strengthens the connection between consumers and the land. Visitors to the nursery can learn about how an agricultural production system works in the Altiplano and the importance of sustainability in these practices.

Another initiative combines agricultural production with animal care, offering an educational experience connecting visitors with nature. In addition to growing vegetables like potatoes and onions using efficient irrigation methods, this family raises guinea pigs, llamas, alpacas, and sheep. These animals serve as both an economic resource and a valuable experience for visitors, especially children, who learn about respect and care for these Andean animals. Through guided activities, visitors explore the process of seed germination, organic pest management, and the role of animals in rural Altiplano life. This interaction fosters environmental awareness and respect for local traditions.

Calamarca emerges as an up-and-coming tourist destination in the Bolivian Altiplano, where the artistic value of its church and Arcabucero Angels is complemented by the sustainable agricultural practices of the El Surco initiative. Each attraction offers visitors an opportunity to discover the cultural heritage, artistic creativity, and resilience of its inhabitants. Preserving these spaces and traditions is essential to strengthening the identity and heritage of the municipality, positioning it as a cultural and ecological benchmark in the Andean region.

The author is an undergraduate professor at UPEA and a professional in Tourism and International Relations. https://www.linkedin.com/in/abraham-coaquira-huancollo/

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