Carlos Medinaceli: The Pain of Being Bolivian | El dolor de ser boliviano

By Ignacio Vera de Rada, Los Tiempos:

Medinaceli: The Pain of Being Bolivian

  • Carlos Medinaceli, Bolivian writer | Courtesy
  • Book cover | Courtesy

I finished reading “Let’s Dare to Be Bolivian: Life and Correspondence of Carlos Medinaceli” (Bolivian Popular Library of Last Hour, 1979) by Mariano Baptista Gumucio. I read Medinaceli at La Salle, when Prof. Nigma gave us “La Chaskañawi”, but it’s certainly different to read the correspondence or the intimate diary of a writer, where, unlike his works for the public, the creator pours out his obsessions, his bitterness, his dreams. And indeed: the Medinacelian letters compiled by the Mago have a tone between ironic and sad because pain sometimes takes on the mask of sarcasm or mockery to hide and thus not provoke pity or bewilderment.

The first part of the book is a selection of judgments from other authors about Medinaceli and excerpts from his articles, which account for certain facets of the life of the protagonist of the work, what Gesta Bárbara was, and the cultural and political environment of Bolivia. In one of those articles, Medinaceli promises to dedicate his life to literary criticism of Bolivian authors and books only, since he considered that a country as conflicted as Bolivia needed (deserved) at least one person dedicated exclusively to criticizing national literature. However, he was not an obtuse or fanatical nationalist, as in several letters, a disillusioned writer with his country and critical of its leaders and its society stuck in backward and, we would say, undemocratic customs. Medinaceli assumed Bolivianness as a fatality, as an imposition of destiny, and as such, he thought that there was no other way out than to accept it and embrace it; he then proposed to work to find a national spirit, urging his readers to dare to be Bolivians, authentically Bolivians.

The author of “La educación del gusto estético”, disillusioned with the way education was provided in Bolivian schools and universities (he left Law out of boredom), dedicated himself diligently to literary criticism, creation, and reading. He was perhaps the most active “barbarian” of the Gesta group, but also one of the earliest to cease to exist. Soon those ghosts that usually haunt creators and artists (boredom, loneliness, addiction, tedium, existential crisis) took hold of the spirit of the Sucre writer who always felt more from Potosí than Sucre. In the letters gathered by the Mago, there are missives that drip with that particularly sinister pain that only artists can understand: Medinaceli complains about his economic poverty, his loneliness, his dipsomania, among other things, but never fails to add at least a pinch of humor or sarcasm to his writings.

In one of the letters addressed to Jaime Mendoza, Medinaceli warns about the need to value representative Bolivian writers: “Regarding Arguedas, for example, while Europe has expressed opinions, Bolivia has said nothing, only inanities. And not only Europe, but neighboring countries, Chile, Argentina or Peru, are they not authorized to judge us as a nation of mental incapables if there is no serious monographic study about the most well-known of our writers?”. In another letter also addressed to the author of “El macizo andino”, he regrets that Bolivian readers do not buy national books: “Moreover, in Bolivia, there is prejudice against the national writer: an individual who pays 10 or 15 Bs for a novel by Blasco Ibáñez, will hardly loosen 2 pesos if it is a national writer”. This is an interesting criticism, since the writer of these lines can verify, in his own life, that it is true… In another letter, Medinaceli warns about the risk of writing drama and poetry, because “those things the author must give away, unless he is called Ibsen or Rubén Darío”.

Other letters are less important and, truth be told, somewhat boring, as they either do not say anything transcendental or are very redundant about the same subjects. However, reading Medinaceli’s correspondence is a shuddering and pedagogical exercise at the same time, because Bolivianness —that confused and even tragic identity to this day— stands out in almost all of its psychological content as what apparently has always been since 1825: identity mismatch, existential crisis, loneliness. We must understand writers —and everyone— in terms of the time and circumstances they had to live through, and in this sense, the exhortation of this lonely and tormented writer from Sucre to dare to be Bolivians, seems somewhat coherent. The pain of being Bolivian, the whirlwind of frustrations that stir in the average Bolivian identity, seem to require it; at least that is the need we see in the spirit of Carlos Medinaceli.

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