10 things you didn’t know about Potosí | 10 cosas que no sabías sobre Potosí

El Potosi:

Grabado/Engraving de/by Edmond Temple.

Some curious facts in this new anniversary of the Department of Potosí.

As we commemorate this November 10th a new departmental civic anniversary of Potosí, we share with you some unknown, or little-known, data about the history of this legendary city, written by our content director, Juan José Toro:

1.- His name is that of his Cerro Rico. The original name of the mountain was p’utuxi or p’otojsi, where Potosí comes from. The “potoj nin” version is an invention of the Spanish.

2.- Potosí was not born as a city, but as a mining town. In 1561, through a capitulation, it acquired the rank of town and the right to elect its mayors.

3.- According to that capitulation, its official name is Villa Imperial de Potosí.

4.- The legend that says that the Inca Wayna Kapaj sent people to exploit the hill and he bellowed (“potoj nin”) saying that his silver was for better owners appeared for the first time in the handwritten report of Luis Capoche, in 1585. Joseph de Acosta plagiarized the version and made it famous by publishing it in his “Historia Natural y Moral de las Indias.”

5.- The version that says that with the silver from Cerro Rico a silver bridge could be built from Potosí to Spain appeared for the first time in 1656, in the work “Paradise in the New World” by Antonio de León Pinelo.

6.- The censuses of 1573 and 1611, which established a population of 120,000 and 114,000 inhabitants, respectively, collected data that did not reflect reality, since the Spaniards who had slaves or mitayos in their care gave lower figures, to evade or reduce the payment of taxes. In 1600, the Hieronymite priest Diego de Ocaña reviewed the parish data and found that there were at least 200,000 Indians, not counting Africans and Spaniards.

7.- Its flag, quartered in red and white and with the symbols of Castilla y León and Cerro Rico in an oval in the middle, was only instituted on October 24, 1940 by the mayor at the time, Walter Dalence.

8.- Until 1825, the Potosí Municipality covered an extensive territory that also included Atacama, Tarija and part of Oruro.

9.- Also until the Republic, the governors of Potosí were the most powerful in Charcas because they managed the exploitation of silver from Cerro Rico and the minting of coins because they also had the position of superintendent of the Mint.

10.- The silver from Potosí practically subsidized the armies that participated in the War of Independence since those who entered the city generally looted the Mint, whether they were royalists or patriots.

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