By Milenka Parisaca, ABI:

Two Hyacinth Macaw Chicks Hatch for the First Time in a Nest Box in the Bolivian Pantanal

A hyacinth macaw peers out from its nest in the San Matías Integrated Management Natural Area (ANMI), part of the Bolivian Pantanal. | Photos: René Ibañez / CLB.

Santa Cruz, September 3, 2026 (ABI).— Saturnina and Avelino are only beginning to discover the world, but their birth has already marked a milestone for hyacinth macaw conservation in Bolivia. The two chicks are the first of their species to hatch inside a nest box specially built for these birds and installed in the community of Candelaria, within the San Matías Integrated Management Natural Area (ANMI) in eastern Santa Cruz Department.

The San Matías ANMI covers 2,918,500 hectares and includes parts of the Ángel Sandoval, Germán Busch, Chiquitos, and Velasco provinces along the border with Brazil. The protected area forms part of the Bolivian Pantanal and is home to a remarkable diversity of wildlife and plant species.

The birth of Saturnina and Avelino represents the first successful recorded breeding of the hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) in a nest box within the region. The achievement is especially significant because the species is listed as endangered in the 2026 edition of Bolivia’s Red Book of Vertebrates.

The success comes six months after researchers, park rangers, and conservation organizations began installing these structures as an alternative solution to the loss of natural nesting sites.

The story began when a pair of hyacinth macaws occupied one of the nest boxes for several months. Located behind a home at El Cussy retreat in Candelaria, one of the northern communities within the protected area, the birds gradually adapted the structure and remained close to it, leading park rangers to suspect they had selected it for nesting.

Saturnina and Avelino are the first hyacinth macaw chicks to hatch in a nest box installed in the Bolivian Pantanal.

The chicks’ names also reflect the history of the region. Saturnina and Avelino were named in honor of the area’s first settlers.

“This result is the product of joint work between the National Service of Protected Areas (Sernap), the San Matías ANMI park rangers, the Conservation of Parrots in Bolivia Foundation (CLB), and the World Parrot Trust, with support from the Phoenix Zoo,” Rafael Mounzón, director of the CLB Foundation, told the Environmental Information Network (RAI).

The initiative draws on previous experience using nest boxes to conserve the blue-throated macaw (Ara glaucogularis), a smaller species. For the hyacinth macaw, recognized as the largest macaw species, the structures had to be redesigned to suit its size and behavior.

The boxes are five centimeters larger than those used for blue-throated macaws. They also feature a thicker wooden entrance, a modification recommended by park rangers because hyacinth macaws often chew and shape wood while preparing their nests.

To date, the project has installed 30 nest boxes across various locations within the San Matías ANMI, including Candelaria, Santo Rosario, Santo Corazón, San Fernando, and Pozones. The distribution varies according to local conditions and the challenges of transporting materials along the region’s roads.

The nest box that enabled the birth of the first hyacinth macaw chicks in the San Matías ANMI was specifically adapted to the characteristics of the species.

“We have covered the entire area with varying numbers of boxes in each location. In San Matías, difficult road conditions complicate logistics, which is why some places have fewer boxes,” Mounzón explained.

An Alternative to the Loss of Large Trees

The initiative addresses a problem that directly affects hyacinth macaw reproduction: the disappearance of large trees with natural nesting cavities.

Ricardo Barbery, a park ranger at the San Matías ANMI for 29 years, has witnessed these changes firsthand. During past wildlife surveys, he frequently found large sujo trees with cavities suitable for nesting macaws. Many of these trees were lost in the wildfires that have impacted the region since 2019.

RAI documented that the fires that year damaged many of the large trees used by macaws for nesting. The 2024 wildfire affected approximately 75% of the San Matías ANMI territory.

The fires also damaged motacú and totaí palm trees, whose fruits provide food for numerous wildlife species.

“Six years of fires since 2019 have devastated their habitat,” Barbery said.

As large trees became scarcer, macaws began nesting in smaller tree species such as tarumá and totaí. According to Barbery, nesting attempts in these trees often fail.

The shift has also altered the species’ distribution within the region.

“Now they can be seen in Santo Corazón, where hyacinth macaws were not previously found,” he noted.

The beauty of hyacinth macaws reflects the extraordinary natural wealth of the Bolivian Pantanal. | Photo: Nativa

Barbery believes that wildfires and the loss of suitable nesting sites now pose a greater threat to the species than bird trafficking. Additional pressure comes from the expansion of Mennonite communities in some areas and the resulting demand for natural resources.

The loss of natural cavities has also intensified competition among species. Red macaws, toucans, and other birds now compete for the limited nesting spaces available.

“Four years ago, the talking parrot, the yellow parakeet, and the parabachi did not damage crops. Today they are beginning to feed on bananas, coconut plants, and other foods they never used to eat,” Barbery explained.

For Antonio Tacuchaba, another San Matías ANMI park ranger, these cumulative changes reveal a profound disruption of the ecosystem.

“The natural balance in San Matías has been broken,” he said, referring to the impacts of wildfires, climate change, and growing competition among species.

From a Nest Box to an Opportunity for Local Communities

The birth of Saturnina and Avelino has also generated enthusiasm among residents and park rangers in Candelaria. For the CLB Foundation, the next step is to increase community participation in the project.

The initiative responds directly to a problem affecting hyacinth macaw reproduction: the loss of large trees with natural cavities. | Photos: Nativa

The proposal includes involving local school students in building nest boxes, training environmental monitors, and creating new conservation-related employment opportunities.

“Following the birth of these chicks, we have seen tremendous excitement among both park rangers and community members. We want to use this stage to involve local residents and schoolchildren even more—encouraging them to participate in building nest boxes, training as environmental monitors, and creating new employment opportunities linked to conservation,” Mounzón said.

The project also seeks to strengthen birdwatching as a sustainable activity for communities within the protected area.

“The idea is to encourage birdwatching among local residents and eventually help Santo Rosario, Candelaria, San Fernando, and Santo Corazón become important birding destinations, because they have enormous potential,” he added.

For now, Saturnina and Avelino represent two small signs of hope for a species facing the loss of trees and natural nesting sites in the Bolivian Pantanal. Their birth demonstrates that a specially designed nest box can provide a new refuge for the hyacinth macaw and opens a promising new chapter in the species’ conservation.

//MPC/EO

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