Tell me who opposes Law 1720… | Dime quién se opone a la ley 1720…

Editorial, El Dia:

The enactment of Law 1720 has sparked marches, statements, and warnings about an alleged “reconcentration of land.” But the real debate lies far from those slogans. The underlying question is not only who criticizes the law, but which concrete interests feel threatened by it.

The law introduces a quiet yet profound change: it allows small landowners to convert their property into medium-sized or business-level holdings, gaining access to credit and the formal economic circuit. In other words, it transforms land from a passive asset into a productive tool. And that is where the conflict begins.

In vast rural areas of Bolivia—such as the Yungas and the Cochabamba tropics—ownership does not always imply autonomy. In practice, union structures condition what is produced. Farmers often do not decide: they comply. And that mandate, in many cases, is coca.

Here the idealized narrative of the “protected small producer” collapses. Small, non-seizable property, presented as a shield, can also function as a limitation: it prevents access to formal credit, hinders productive diversification, and pushes farmers toward small-scale economies or informal circuits.

In that context, coca is neither a free choice nor the most profitable option for the producer. Its real value is concentrated in later stages of the chain, beyond the farmer’s reach. He sells in restricted markets, without real bargaining power.

Law 1720 introduces a disruptive element: economic autonomy. A producer who can use land as collateral gains access to financing, technology, and open markets. He can grow coffee, cocoa, or pineapple, negotiate prices, and break dependencies. In short, he can choose.

This point is key to understanding what is happening in regions such as Pando. The march that set out from that department toward La Paz is not an isolated event. Due to its border location and historically low state presence, Pando has been fertile ground for parallel economic circuits: informal extractive activities, illegal transit routes, and networks operating outside public regulation.

In such territories, land formalization represents a direct threat. Property that enters the financial system leaves a trace, requires verifiable productivity, and is subject to oversight. This clashes with dynamics that depend precisely on opacity, institutional voids, and non-state territorial control.

Therefore, reducing opposition to environmental or indigenous concerns is incomplete. There is another, less visible dimension: resistance from structures—both legal and illegal—that require farmers to remain without access to capital, without decision-making capacity, and outside the formal system. Law 1720 does not guarantee development on its own. But it does alter an equilibrium. It brings producers into a framework where they can stop depending on intermediaries, unions, or closed circuits.

The real debate surrounding Law 1720 is not between “land” and “market.” It is between remaining in controlled economies or opening up to productive freedom. And so the question returns, more uncomfortable than before: who really opposes land entering full legality and ceasing to be part of circuits operating outside the State?

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