Which Racism? | ¿Cuál racismo?

Editorial, El Dia:

What a good occasion to talk about racism, so we can distinguish between what is social discrimination and what is institutional racism. Racism cannot be measured by insults, jokes, or comments among neighbors. While daily coexistence can be complicated when intolerance exists, the real problem arises from the State’s inability to guarantee equal rights and opportunities that enable each citizen’s social mobility, regardless of origin or skin color. And on that point, our country’s history is clear: true racism does not come from the people, but from the State.

For more than 200 years, Bolivia’s republican structure has governed with its back turned to Indigenous people, peasants, and the humble sectors. These groups continue to be the poorest, with limited access to education, health, employment, and basic services. Inequality is not accidental nor the product of individual initiative; it is the result of a historical pattern of institutional exclusion that continues to this day.

Between 2005 and 2025, the government that promised to fight racism did so, paradoxically, by promoting division and hatred. Under the rhetoric of inclusion, conflicts that did not exist were encouraged, barriers were created between Bolivians who, in everyday life, coexist peacefully, trade, form families, and make progress without discrimination. Unfortunately, that same strategy is being repeated by the PDC candidate, Edman Lara, who persistently launches hateful slogans.

Real racism arises when public policies and laws fail to serve those who have always been marginalized, and in Bolivia this structural failure is evident: Indigenous people and peasants continue to be the ones who suffer most, while political power manages privileges and manipulates social conflicts.

Santa Cruz demonstrates the opposite: here there is no structural racism. The coexistence among Bolivians of different origins and ethnicities is everyday, productive, and respectful. People advance, integrate, work, and create opportunities without obstacles imposed by their skin color or origin. The economy is more inclusive; society, more flexible and supportive. The problems experienced in Bolivia do not come from ordinary people, but from those who, from the State, fuel divisions for political purposes.

True Bolivian racism is not social, but institutional. It is reflected in a persistent pattern of poverty, exclusion, and lack of access to services that affects mostly Indigenous people, peasants, and those from humble backgrounds. Historical public policies have been insufficient or counterproductive, and discourses of equality rarely translate into concrete change. What appears to be a fight against racism ends up being its promotion: by pointing out differences, the State fosters resentment, polarization, and distrust among communities that would otherwise live in harmony.

Bolivia does not need labels on individual attitudes; it needs a State that fulfills its duty to all, especially those historically ignored. Racism is not a problem of society, but of the government that fails to guarantee equality of opportunities.

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