Reasonable or absurd? Candidates’ promises focus on the economy |¿Razonables o descabelladas? Ofertas al elector se centran en lo económico

By Paulo Lizarraga, Vision 360:

Political analyst says Bolivia’s situation “is marked by economic crisis”

The promises made by presidential hopefuls range from gasoline at Bs 5 to the creation of thousands of jobs and even bringing back dollars to the country within 100 days.

Varios candidatos destacaron por sus polémicas propuestas. Foto: Composición

Several candidates stood out for their controversial proposals. Photo: Composition

Election promises are starting to emerge from those who are still just presidential pre-candidates. But which of these are actually tangible and feasible? Experts consulted by Visión 360 agree that economic proposals will dominate the electoral agenda, because in the current situation, “the economy is the central issue.”

Candidates’ offers revolve around how long it would take to reverse the crisis; the number of jobs they promise to create; the setting of fixed fuel prices for five years; and even the downsizing of the state—proposals being made in the midst of Bolivia’s ongoing crisis.

In April, the International Monetary Fund forecasted that Bolivia’s economy would grow by only 1.1%, and that inflation would reach 15.1%. The World Bank projected GDP growth of 1.2%.

“Bolivia’s situation is marked by one thing: the economic crisis, a crisis Bolivia hasn’t seen since the 1980s (…). So, in light of this and the upcoming elections, this is what we’re seeing: the economic crisis, the economic situation, and the economic proposals will set the agenda. Why? Because the economy is the central point of everything,” political analyst Paul Coca told Visión 360.

Fernando Romero, president of the Departmental College of Economists of Tarija, pointed out that what matters is not the promises themselves but fulfilling them. He said implementing the proposals will depend on the number of seats the winning candidate secures in the Plurinational Legislative Assembly (ALP).

“In politics, anything is possible; making proposals costs nothing, the real issue is delivering. Starting a rescue process in 100 days isn’t very feasible; it’s difficult and costly over a long period. But all economic measures greatly depend on political matters—whether the ALP is taken completely or partially, that would help a lot,” he stated.

The proposals

After the Bolivian National Action Party (Pan-Bol) confirmed Ruth Nina as its presidential candidate, she pledged to create 5,000 jobs per month if elected, which translates to an average of 161 jobs per day. Altogether, if the promise materializes, it would mean 300,000 jobs over a five-year term.

On the same subject, former president Jorge Tuto Quiroga, from the Libre alliance, proposed on April 15 to generate 750,000 jobs in five years to “save Bolivia from MAS, save the economy, and restore the country’s stability.”

Manfred Reyes Villa, candidate for APB-Súmate, promised during his campaign that if he wins the election, he will set the price of fuels (gasoline and diesel) at five bolivianos without subsidies—a price he said will be guaranteed for five years. Currently, a liter of regular gasoline costs 3.74 bolivianos and diesel costs 3.72 bolivianos (media reports have noted that on the black market, the price of gasoline has sometimes exceeded 10 bolivianos per liter).

Another widely publicized proposal comes from Unidad’s candidate, Samuel Doria Medina, who said he would restore dollar and fuel supplies to Bolivia within 100 days.

Candidate Rodrigo Paz went even further, claiming that 100 days wouldn’t even be needed—he could achieve that in a single day. “We don’t have 100 days; it’s in a day, dammit, that we’re going to change the country,” declared the senator on April 22.

Back in 2024, former president Evo Morales proposed increasing the Renta Dignidad and offering a mid-year second bonus. “If we win the elections, we’re going to create at least a new bonus mid-year, to celebrate the Andean Amazon New Year, on June 21,” Morales said on November 25 last year.

Another highly noted proposal—voiced by candidates like Tuto Quiroga, Jaime Dunn, and Samuel Doria Medina—is to “shrink the state” by reducing the number of ministries and public servants and shutting down loss-making state companies, among other measures.

Commenting on the topic, sociologist Gonzalo Rojas Ortuste said it was “disheartening” and “discouraging” to see so many people who “see themselves as presidential material” and believe this is their chance to “get a piece” within the Legislative Branch.

“I’m struck by how many people see themselves as presidential material or think this is their opportunity to get a share in the potential political spoils, viewing politics as a business, not as a service. It’s a very disheartening and discouraging situation,” he argued.

Feasibility

Many of the proposals launched by candidates need to be evaluated for feasibility, said Coca, who emphasized the challenge parties face in justifying each of their proposals in “plain language” for the public.

“Of the proposals being made, how many will the population believe? Because people know full well that some proposals are absurd and impossible to fulfill. How many of these parties are willing to justify their proposals technically, materially, legally—and most importantly, in plain terms so people can understand?” Coca argued.

Romero said a strong Legislative Assembly would be key to implementing any government plan.

“I think it’s a pretty complex scenario for any pre-candidate. Once they take office, it’ll be very hard to implement any plan in any area if they don’t have a strong Assembly,” he said.

Serious or popular

Some of the most controversial proposals have come from candidates like Korean-Bolivian Chi Hyun Chung, who in 2020, while running with the Frente Para la Victoria (FPV), promised that if elected president, he would build a Las Vegas-like city in the Uyuni Salt Flats, and even proposed creating a Bolivian “martial art” inspired by the tinku dance.

“The country needs technical and serious proposals—and then there are popular proposals that get certain sectors talking and gain support. But those popular proposals aren’t necessarily what the country needs. What the country really needs is a complete economic reengineering. That’s the key issue,” argued Coca.

Along those lines, Gonzalo Rojas added that “these outrageous proposals—such as the salt flats one—could be interesting if framed as a way to boost tourism potential.”

Another proposal that drew significant attention came from Nueva Generación Patriótica (NGP), whose leader said that, if elected president, he would support the death penalty for “the corrupt.” However, a proposal like that would require a constitutional reform.

In this regard, Coca emphasized that no matter how “interesting” a proposal may be, it must be concretely evaluated according to what the country urgently needs right now.

“There are proposals and candidates that will endure simply because they’re popular. For example, someone out there proposed the death penalty for corrupt officials. It’s an interesting topic for discussion, but it’s not something the country urgently needs to be debating right now—whether someone should be executed or not,” he concluded.

The first 100 days: the Government’s “roadmap”

The first 100 days of the incoming administration will define the path the new government will take. Political analyst Paul Coca believes this period serves as a kind of “roadmap,” as it reveals what the government intends to do economically and politically.

“The first 100 days are what we call the roadmap days of a new government, because you can always see in those first 100 days what a new government plans to do with the country (…). Those 100 days are when the government’s roadmap and materialized proposals become clear. The question is: what will the government do in those first 100 days?” the analyst asked.

Meanwhile, Fernando Romero said all the candidates want to be “saviors” with their proposals, but that actually implementing a plan can be very difficult—mainly because they don’t know what condition the public institutions will be in when they take over.

“Everyone wants to be the savior and propose things people want to hear. That’s why everyone is promising dollars and fuels. But their plans are hard to execute, because in reality they don’t know what shape the public institutions will be in. You can’t go solely by financial statements or the information you can access.”

In that regard, the economist added: “Some plans or policies will work or won’t work, but it will all depend on politics—on the consensus and dialogue that exists with the opposition and various social sectors that obviously don’t align with a government that’s not socialist,” he concluded.

Additionally, the measures taken by the next government will not only depend on consensus in the legislature but also on the existence of legal certainty and a new legal framework that enables the implementation of the proposed policies and decisions.

For now, proposals are surfacing, even though the Supreme Electoral Tribunal (TSE) has yet to set the official date for presidential candidate registration for the general elections scheduled for August 17 of this year.

Points of view

Paul Coca, analyst: “Everything focuses on the economy”

Job quality is tied to the economy. The laws the new parliament will implement are tied to the economy, due to the country’s economic situation. Jobs, income, people’s stability, even their emotional stability—all of it is tied to the country’s economic situation.

So those are factors that we must always identify and consolidate accordingly. That’s why party proposals are focused on this.

Samuel Doria Medina talks about 100 days. Rodrigo Paz says not 100, but one day. Jaime Dunn wants to downsize the state. Ruth Nina promises 5,000 jobs a month. So obviously, everyone is focusing on the economic issue, just in case.

That’s extremely important, beyond the proposals themselves. The key point is this: the economic issue is already the main focus. And all the proposals are moving in that direction.

Tuto, Samuel, Rodrigo Paz, Jaime Dunn agree that the State needs to be downsized, perfect, it needs to be downsized.

However, the question here is whether downsizing the State will be enough or not to economically stabilize the country.

Gonzalo Rojas, sociologist: “Result of deinstitutionalization”

It is the result of the disarticulation, the deinstitutionalization of political life. Masismo has taken over the political spectrum to such an extent and has impoverished it in the name of representing the country in more popular, ethnic terms, and it has been exercising those functions for such a long time.

Furthermore, in the face of an opposition that was initially also hit, but later found a modus vivendi that would generate the least possible concern. Meanwhile, the country has been disarticulated in many areas and has even lost the few traits of positive identity we had built.

I am struck by the number of people who feel they are presidential material or think this is an opportunity to get a share of the potential political spoils, seeing politics as a business, not as a service.

So it’s a very discouraging, very uninspiring picture; but here we are, we must think that there will come a time when people will begin to become aware of the seriousness of the crisis that is beginning to show itself, and we are hearing voices even from the popular sector talking in terms of making the economy more transparent. It’s a set of very big challenges overall.

The proposals

  • Doria The pre-candidate from the Unidad group announced the return of dollars and fuels within 100 days and even “an end to centralism.”
  • Manfred The Mayor of Cochabamba and candidate from Súmate proposed gasoline and diesel at five bolivianos for five years.
  • Jhonny Jhonny Fernández proclaimed his candidacy in El Alto and announced he would give away laptops in schools.
  • Pan-Bol Ruth Nina announced her candidacy on Monday, April 28, and proposed the creation of five thousand jobs per month.
  • State This is one of the most widespread proposals among candidates like Tuto, Doria Medina, Rodrigo Paz, and Jaime Dunn. It would entail closing ministries, reducing staff, cutting salaries, and digitizing the bureaucracy.

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