The Situation of Wild Animals Is Desperate: illegal hunting, pet trade, forest fires | La situación de los animales silvestres es desesperante: caza ilegal, mascotismo, incendios forestales

By Rocío Lloret Céspedes – La Región, Erbol:

TANIA BALTAZAR

‘The Situation of Wild Animals Is Desperate, and the Solution Is Not to Rescue Them and Take Them to Custody Centers’

Baltazar in Guarayos during the wildlife rescue. Photo: Courtesy of CIWY

When Tania Baltazar—Nena, as she prefers to be called—talks about her “babies,” she envisions faces, gazes, and movements. Her memory is filled with stories of pain, anger, and helplessness. Because when she refers to her “babies,” she is actually talking about the nearly 600 animals under the care of Comunidad Inti Wara Yassi (CIWY) at two sanctuaries: Parque Ambue Ari (Santa Cruz) and Jacj Cuisi (La Paz). These include monkeys, birds, jaguars, pumas, and ocelots. All of them have a tragic past. All have been victims of illegal hunting, the pet trade, and, in recent years, forest fires.

“When an animal arrives and cannot be returned to the wild—which is the case for most—it becomes a lifelong responsibility,” Baltazar tells La Región. That responsibility can last for the 18-year lifespan of a jaguar (Panthera onca), for example—a challenge custody centers must face alone. While the State regulates them through the Ministry of Environment and Water (MMyA), financial support is self-managed.

Recently, CIWY won the Biodiversity Conservation Award granted by the BBVA Foundation “for more than three decades of rescuing, caring for, and conserving wild animals that have fallen victim to illegal trafficking.” In this interview, its co-founder and president reveals a little-known reality about custody centers.

La Región (LR): What is the current situation of CIWY following last year’s forest fires? Because we see that custody centers no longer only receive animals that are victims of trafficking and the pet trade but also of fire.

Nena Baltazar (NB): Yes, we are feeling the consequences of the fires. We have received 70 animals. We managed to save most of them, but others had to be put to rest because they arrived with severe burns.

Then there is another stage after the fires when more wildlife starts appearing in homes (in affected areas). The people who go to extinguish the fires or who simply see these animals arriving at their homes end up keeping them as pets. In just the last three months, we have received six spider monkeys. After surviving the fires or losing their mothers, they ended up as pets, and once they grew up, people didn’t know what to do with them, so they handed them over to us.

At least 70 animals were rescued during the 2024 forest fires.

LR: What do we mean when we say an animal will stay in a custody center? What does that mean economically?

NB: When an animal arrives and stays with us because it cannot be returned to the wild—which is the case for most—it becomes a lifelong responsibility. That animal needs food, a proper enclosure (space), and care.

Right now, we have over 600 animals, including jaguars, pumas, ocelots, gray cats, spider monkeys, capuchins, and various bird species. In addition, we are protecting nearly 1,000 hectares of jungle, preserving the habitat of many more species that still live in the wild.

To give you an idea, just building an enclosure for a jaguar to have proper conditions costs us around $25,000. This is for a space that allows it to move within captivity in an environment as close as possible to its natural habitat.

For feeding the big cats alone, we spend nearly 10,000 bolivianos (about $1,500 at the official exchange rate) per week. And that doesn’t include the fact that meat, their primary food, has become more expensive. Then there are medications and wages for the staff who work with them.

And this is for life—a jaguar can live 15, 18, or even 20 years. We have jaguars that have been with us for 18 years. Without the support of people, donations, and volunteers, this would be impossible.

The sanctuaries remain closed to the public to provide the animals with an environment as close as possible to their natural habitat, ensuring their well-being and tranquility.

LR: And now fire must be added to that situation…

NB: We have been dealing with wildfires for almost ten years. In 2023, the fire reached Jacj Cuisi, our center in San Buenaventura (La Paz), a place where no one expected fires like the ones we experienced. Many animals had to be rescued there. But last year was even worse—every year, the situation worsens.

In Ambue Ari, last year, firefighters, in coordination with the Guarayos municipality, were bringing in animals that were burned, dead, charred, or injured. Some we were able to save, but unfortunately, others we couldn’t. It was emotionally devastating. I will never forget a completely burned sloth that couldn’t even move but was still alive. Its eyes were filled with fear and panic, and only when we gave it a sedative did it finally rest.

The situation for wildlife is desperate, and the solution is not just rescuing animals and taking them to custody centers because that comes with a cost. Instead, policies against wildfires must be implemented, and both authorities and the public need to understand that we cannot endure another fire like last year’s.

We are doing the work the State should be doing, yet there is no support—not even during the fires. We have to find more resources to pay for fuel to transport firefighters, cover their expenses, and move the rescued animals.

The fire not only ravages forests but also affects wildlife, leaving animals defenseless against the flames.

LR: And what is the situation regarding wildlife trafficking?

NB: There are laws, but wildlife trafficking continues. People buy animals “out of pity,” but they need to realize that they are encouraging the illegal wildlife trade.

For example, in the San Buenaventura area, in northern La Paz, we have seen both wildlife trafficking and the consumption of monkey meat. Indigenous communities, according to the law, can hunt for subsistence, but they are not allowed to sell wildlife.

In recent days, we have received three reports from families who have monkeys in captivity and don’t know what to do with them now that they have grown.

LR: So these are animals that cannot return to their natural habitat? I ask because public opinion often questions your work.

NB: Sometimes people think that when an animal is taken to a rescue center, it will eventually be released. However, from the moment that animal is taken from its habitat, it suffers irreversible harm. We have macaws whose wings were cut off down to the bone, so they will never be able to fly again. Many animals that arrive at our sanctuaries have heartbreaking stories, and another critical aspect we must address is their psychological recovery from the trauma they have endured.

We once had a blind puma that had been beaten on the head, causing it to lose 90% of its vision. Could that animal ever return to the wild?

“All the animals that arrive at the sanctuary receive immediate specialized care to save their lives. The work of volunteers is essential in their recovery process.”

LR: Where does the funding to maintain the sanctuaries come from? Do you offer guided tours?

NB: No, our sanctuaries, both Ambue Ari and Jacj Cuisi, are not open to tourists—only to volunteers. We want the animals to be as close to their natural habitat as possible, in a peaceful environment without the stress of visitors. Our main focus is ensuring they recover 100%. However, people can come and volunteer for a minimum of two weeks. There is a different fee for Bolivian citizens and for foreigners.

The work involves everything—cleaning, support, assisting CIWY staff such as veterinarians, etc. People can also help simply by spreading awareness or making a donation.

To become a volunteer, you only need to be over 18 and have a passion for helping animals—there’s no upper age limit. It’s a life-changing experience that makes you see things differently because there is so much to be done.

[If you want to help, you can do it in two ways: buying souvenirs and/or sponsoring a rescued animal, are CIWY links]

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