Santa Cruz, the older brother | Santa Cruz, el hermano mayor

By Oscar Antezana Malpartida, El Dia:

Santa Cruz is the largest department of Bolivia in every sense: territorial, population, business, economy, etc. Santa Cruz is the older brother of the departments, and the father is the centralist, abusive, and dictatorial state, which resides in La Paz (La Paz, as a department, is the second oldest child in Bolivia).

Santa Cruz, through its leaders in various spheres, has a long history of advocating and fighting against centralism. The Pititas Movement of 2019 and the 2016 Referendum are recent examples of national leadership. However, Santa Cruz has also faced its share of frustrations; the latest being last Friday’s protest strike in Santa Cruz over the Census results. For the rest of the country, it was a normal day. Many opinion leaders and people from Santa Cruz wondered why the rest of the country was indifferent if the Census supposedly affects everyone.

The historical, social, and cultural context of Bolivia has always been complicated. The country is diverse, with low population density, rapid urbanization, and varying cultural levels across its regions. It is often said, with some truth, that our strength lies in diversity. But the reality is more complex. On top of that, Bolivia’s institutions are a complete mess, the rule of law barely exists, and the judicial system is entirely co-opted by central power. In such a context of disorder and unclear rules, finding synergies in that diversity is not easy.

Being the older brother of Santa Cruz carries, whether one likes it or not, certain responsibilities, just as in any family. When the father wastes money, makes excessive expenses, and indulges in his own vices, he plunges the household into poverty. Normally, the younger siblings expect the older brother to take some initiative or talk with them to find a solution, a relief, or protection. In some families, the older brother doesn’t always take on that responsibility; sometimes there’s another sibling with similar or complementary capabilities. And it’s also a reality that in many homes, the father has his preferences and/or gives little gifts to some of his children. However, in principle, the nine siblings have more opportunities together than the older brother alone to influence the father to change his behavior. The challenge is to agree.

In a broader historical context, Santa Cruz has taken most of the initiatives, with proposals and actions. One of these could be attempting to build bridges of communication and find common ground with its younger siblings. (Perhaps this could be a platform for a presidential candidate.) However, a more nationally projected leadership would need to be exercised continuously, be more strategic, prioritize challenges, with systematic proposals, decisions, and actions. It will be slow and difficult, but no one said leadership is easy. The alternative will be an uphill battle with little hope of achieving what, in fairness and equity, can be claimed.

For example, the Pro Santa Cruz Committee developed its “Santa Cruz development model” in 2021. It would be interesting to propose a similar exercise together with other civic committees and expand this more decentralized and autonomous economic vision to all of Bolivia. Currently, Santa Cruz is perceived as selfish, wanting to convince others to adopt its model. It could start with that document and gradually incorporate other realities and perspectives. If a model for Bolivia is desired, the siblings will also want to contribute and co-author it, so they feel ownership too. That example could be the beginning of better projecting national leadership. It’s clear it will take time and patience, and it won’t be easy. But the easiest or quickest path is not necessarily the best for achieving great successes. These don’t come overnight; they require longer processes and persistence.

Now, in its frustration, the older brother is considering other alternatives. One is for each sibling to buy their own food, attend whatever school they can, and take care of their health as they can according to their abilities. In simple and political terms, this is called federalism and isolates Santa Cruz from its siblings. By sharing ideas, knowledge, and gradual and/or partial proposals, even federalism could be a real and viable option for everyone.

Kissinger once said: “The punishment for an excess of ambition—what the Greeks called hubris—is exhaustion, while the price of resting on one’s laurels is progressive irrelevance and final decline. If leaders want to reach their destination, they must gradually align the means to the ends and the purpose to the circumstances.”

Finally, it’s good, reasonable, and even expected that the speeches of Santa Cruz’s leaders are in favor of their department, after all, they are the leaders of that territory and population. But when it comes to national issues and challenges, the most appropriate thing is to adjust their focus and projection to transcend beyond. It is unacceptable, for example, that some leaders self-identify as “regionalists” on their social media. How can a citizen trust a regionalist leader? Such a candidate could not be president of Bolivians. These pre-candidates are out of touch and should resign due to sheer lack of judgment. Will their economic policies be similarly biased toward one region?

There is one year left to celebrate Bolivia’s bicentennial. It is never too late, even two hundred years after the founding of the Republic, to start developing a common vision to build a more homogeneous, thriving, and supportive country.

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