Carnival in Potosi w/o water | Carnaval Potosi sin agua

Juan José Toro Montoya, El Potosi:

Detail of the engraving of the Potosí carnival in Temple’s book..
Detalle del grabado del carnaval potosino en el libro de Temple.

Playing with water is a recent element in the traditions of the Potosí carnival

Until at least 1827, this activity was not part of our shrovetide.

People who believe that water play is part of the Potosí carnival traditions would be surprised if they knew that documents and publications prove that this activity was only added to these festivities in Republican times, so it can be considered a recent addition. .

The scarcity of water has determined that this year the ban on playing with water was ratified and even the governor issued a decree extending it to the entire departmental territory. Among the people protesting are those who say that water play is only during carnival, while mining mills and car washes consume the liquid all year round, with little or no control. Another argument is that this game would be part of the carnival traditions and therein lies the error.

Potosí is a city with little water supply and, therefore, it always suffered from the scarcity of that liquid. Because of this, no one would have thought of wasting it by dunking other people at carnival. In the agreement books of the Secular Archive of Potosí there are several provisions on water, but most of them are intended to take care of the liquid, or distribute it in a better way.

The use that mills made of water is a centuries-old problem. In an agreement of June 3, 1591, for example, it is recommended that not so much water be given to them. In 1635, Juan Nicolás Corzo presented an invention to make the mills move “without the need for water, horses or air”, but it must not have worked because later the liquid continued to be used as a driving force.

So, the water was taken care of and not played with. The efforts to distribute the liquid gave rise to the construction of fountains and water boxes, laying of pipes and the existence of the position of mayor of water, which the members of the council assumed in turn and held annually.

REPUBLIC

During the colonial period, the carnival festivities were known as shrovetide and were celebrated, among other things, with bullfights.

Between 1826 and 1827, an Englishman, Edmond Temple, lived in Potosí, who arrived in the city with the purpose of forming a mining company with the name “Potosi, La Paz and Peruvian Mining Association”.

During his second stay in Potosí he was able to witness the carnival of this city and described it in a book, in English, in which he narrates his trip through South America, “Travels in various part of Peru including a year’s residence in Potosi”.

Nowhere in the description of him, which is in chapter IX of volume II, does it read that he had played with water.

What he describes about the carnival games is this: “I distributed and received, with thoughtless prodigality, showers of flour, powdered starch and chocolates. I threw at the ladies, and was thrown by them, with dozens of eggshells, full of perfumed waters, which are sometimes poured, until drenched, on some favorite victim, and a well-aimed shot in the face with one of those shells. of eggs is not always pleasant; but, since everyone suffers equally, no one can be angered by the joke of a fellow sufferer.” And he adds this sentence: “Nor does it mean insult, when men sympathize” (Page 291).

Therefore, water play, as it is known today, must have begun in periods after 1827, already in the republic, and it is very likely that it was in imitation of what is usually done in places with a tropical climate.

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