By Brújula Digital:

Bolivia’s political age crisis: between “old” and “new” politicians, what does renewal really mean?

A statement by Minister Zamora sparked backlash among lawmakers and political figures, reopening the debate over old and young faces in politics — but above all, over what true political renewal actually means.

Photo composition with images of Rodrigo Paz, Jorge Quiroga and Samuel Doria Medina / Archive

Throughout nearly two decades of MAS rule, the movement presented itself as the “process of change,” based on the premise that it had replaced the neoliberal model that dominated Bolivia from the mid-1980s until 2005. Several candidates in the 2025 elections promoted themselves as agents of “renewal,” seeking to distinguish themselves from the socialist era. But who are the “old” and “new” figures among today’s authorities and the leaders of the country’s most influential political forces?

The debate began with comments from Public Works Minister Mauricio Zamora, who told Tarija media outlets last Friday: “Mr. Samuel Doria Medina, Mr. Tuto Quiroga and other politicians have already completed their cycle. What we need are new leaders, young people. People are tired of seeing the same faces.” He immediately added: “I believe Rodrigo is the new cycle because he has done what old politicians never did. Rodrigo Paz had the courage to remove fuel subsidies — something I assure you an old politician would never have done.”

The remarks triggered a wide range of reactions on social networks and in the media. Some lawmakers’ views are presented later in this article. But first, two political analysts offer a broader perspective on renewal and continuity, going beyond the issue of age in national politics.

A few facts are worth noting: Rodrigo Paz will turn 59 in a few months. His first government position came during the Banzer administration (1997–2002), when he served as Bolivia’s commercial attaché at the embassy in Spain. He later became a city councilor and mayor of Tarija, and eventually a national legislator. Jorge Quiroga is 66; in 1989 he became deputy secretary for public investment, in 1997 vice president, and between 2001 and 2002 president. Samuel Doria Medina is approaching 68; he was Planning Minister in 1991 and has remained active in politics ever since, including several presidential bids. These are only three of the most prominent leaders in today’s political landscape.

A bridge between generations and a new political wave

Political analyst Ricardo Paz clearly distinguishes between the outgoing generation and the emerging one. However, he first highlights President Rodrigo Paz’s intermediate role, describing him as “a kind of hinge, a bridge, in the generational renewal process. He does not fully belong to the generation that is leaving, but he is not part of the new generation of young leaders either.”

From there, he argues: “There is no doubt that one generation is on its way out and that we are witnessing a change of cycle.” He places in that older group those born “in the late 1950s and early 1960s, who have been active in Bolivian politics throughout this entire period.” He mentions figures such as Evo Morales, Tuto Quiroga and Samuel Doria Medina — leaders now over 65 and approaching 70.

Regarding the future, Ricardo Paz sees promising signs in the early stages of a new political wave. “Without a doubt, there is a new generation emerging, a generational uprising; especially in eastern Bolivia, with a female face: women leading departmental assemblies, municipal councils, serving as deputy governors, governors… and also in the south, where we have a governor in Tarija and a mayor in Sucre. Young people are beginning to shape Bolivia’s generational renewal.”

A debate that is far from new

Political analyst Roger Cortez takes a more conceptual approach. He considers the controversy surrounding Zamora’s comments to have “an aroma of pure vanity,” arguing that the concepts of “new” and “old” in Bolivian politics are shaped by something deeper: “the absence of a stable and solid system of political representation.”

“To speak of something new or old,” he says, “those making that claim must explain what contributions the groups they represent have actually made.” He then asks whether Bolivia is truly experiencing political change and renewal — and answers: only partially.

“In essence, no,” he argues, unless there are proposals to redesign and rethink the mechanisms of political mediation and representation.

Cortez also acknowledges some recent developments, partially agreeing with Paz: “The only truly new thing we see are some winners in the subnational elections (…) expressions seeking fresh and innovative political space, although for now we cannot say they go beyond an aspiration, as in the case of Santa Cruz mayor Manuel Saavedra.”

What do lawmakers say?

Legislators from four political groups offered their own perspectives. Most framed their responses within partisan disputes and directly addressed Zamora’s statements.

Deputy Israel Mérida (Libre)
“How many years has Rodrigo Paz been in politics? Around 25 years, considering all the positions he has held. For them to talk about political renewal is false morality (…) especially when their practices remain the same as before: political deals and placing relatives in key state positions.”

Deputy Esther Góngora (APB-Súmate)
“They have already run several times in previous elections and have failed to win. Their cycle has already ended.”

Deputy Sandra Hinojosa (Unidad)
“I do not know with what authority Minister Zamora speaks, since he comes from Doria Medina’s political movement and does not belong to Paz’s line.”

Deputy Claudia Bilbao (PDC)
“I say this to Doria Medina and Tuto Quiroga: for 20 years they have had lawmakers who never passed a single law (…). They have been unable to build consensus. They must understand that no obstacle will benefit Bolivia.”

BD/RLP/MZS

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