The Day Bolivia Got Screwed | El día que se jodió Bolivia

By Juan Jose Toro, Vision 360:

Why did Bolivia get screwed with this episode? Because the project Sucre had begun to carry out was abruptly interrupted.

It was Mario Vargas Llosa who asked, through a novel, “When did Peru get screwed?” The question had such an impact that we Latin Americans immediately copied it, only changing the name of the country to our own.

In the case of Bolivia, I’m not convinced by the answer that says the country got screwed at various points in its history. From what I’ve studied so far, there was a turning point, a precise date when everything collapsed and from that moment on, it could no longer be restored.

The date is April 18, 1828, and if I’m only talking about it now, in May, it’s because the death of Varguitas first, and then that of Pope Francis, drew the attention of columnists, myself included.

What happened on April 18, 1828? That was the day the first coup d’état in Bolivia’s history broke out: the Voltígeros Battalion, stationed in Chuquisaca, rose up, forcing then-president Antonio José de Sucre to go there to quell it. The difference between that and earlier mutinies is that Sucre was wounded in the arm and his people had to evacuate him urgently to prevent his assassination.

Up to that point, it’s all familiar history, but what doesn’t appear in the texts, not even the most recent ones, is what happened next. The mutiny was the initial act of a conspiracy that aimed not only to end Sucre’s government but also to enable the invasion of Bolivia by the Peruvian army led by Agustín Gamarra.

What followed the mutiny was that Gamarra crossed the Desaguadero, but instead of advancing to Chuquisaca, where the prefect of Potosí, Francisco López, had already brought the situation under control, he settled in a small town called Siporo.

To protect Sucre’s life, his people had taken him to Ñucchu. What’s little known is that a Bolivian colonel, Pedro Blanco, took advantage of the troops he commanded to reach Ñucchu, kidnap the president, and hand him over to Gamarra. Things didn’t go further (the original plan was to assassinate Sucre) because the Chief of the General Staff of the Bolivian Army, León Galindo, arrived at the location and, with support from provincial governors, prevented the fatal outcome. This episode was recounted by Gabriel René Moreno in the Revista de Chile, in 1877, in an article titled “Documents on the First Military Attempt in Bolivia.”

Why did Bolivia get screwed with this episode? Because the project Sucre had begun to carry out was abruptly interrupted. On July 6, 1828, a treaty was signed in Piquiza, near Siporo, in which Sucre agreed to resign from the presidency, which he did in early August.

Sucre left Bolivia plunged into political chaos of epic proportions, as a fierce struggle for the presidency broke out. Blanco, elected president by Congress, was brutally assassinated on January 1, 1829.

And by then, Bolivia was already screwed.

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