The electoral farce of Evo Morales and Luis Arce | La farsa electoral de Evo Morales y Luis Arce

By Gabriela Moreno, El Dia:

Suspicions of an agreement between Evo Morales and Luis Arce are not unfounded, considering that Chavismo applied a similar strategy in Venezuela in 2000. Back then, Hugo Chávez and Francisco Arias Cárdenas feigned rivalry to monopolize the political spectrum and prevent the rise of a strong opposition candidate. Now, in Bolivia, Morales and Arce stage a conflict that, far from weakening the Movement for Socialism (MAS), keeps the electorate focused on their disputes and leaves no space for the opposition.

Morales has been in hiding for almost four months since an arrest warrant was issued against him for alleged human trafficking. However, despite the judicial measure, authorities have failed to capture him. Meanwhile, Arce claims to be unaware of his whereabouts, though his Minister of Government, Eduardo Del Castillo, revealed that the former president is under a sort of house arrest inside the Kawsachun Coca radio station in Cochabamba.

From there, Morales remains a key asset for the Bolivian left, emphasizing his differences with Arce and keeping his followers mobilized. This traps the electorate in a false dilemma between two factions of MAS, marginalizing any opposition alternative.

A calculated political game

The parallel with the Venezuelan case is evident. In 2000, the apparent dispute between Chávez and Arias Cárdenas fragmented the vote, securing a landslide victory for Chavismo. Morales and Arce’s strategy could be aimed at a similar goal: preventing the emergence of an opposition leader who could seriously challenge their hegemony.

Morales, for his part, has declared his intention to found a new party or take control of an existing one to run for president again. However, the conditions are adverse. Bolivia has 13 legally recognized parties and five peasant organizations, which Morales would have to convince to support him. Additionally, the Supreme Electoral Tribunal requires that a new party be established at least 120 days before the elections and collect 107,000 signatures in five of the country’s nine regions—a nearly impossible task for a candidate in hiding.

Given these obstacles, an alliance with Arce could be Morales’ most viable option. In politics, reconciliations are not uncommon, and MAS might find a formula to retain power without excessive fragmentation.

Legal obstacles for Morales

However, Morales faces another major hurdle: indefinite reelection is no longer possible. A 2023 constitutional ruling established that a president can only be reelected once, either consecutively or non-consecutively, rejecting the previous doctrine that considered reelection a human right. Morales has already served three consecutive terms (2006-2009, 2010-2015, and 2015-2019), making him ineligible for the 2025 elections. This raises questions about his true strategy: does he really intend to run, or is his role merely to divide the vote to benefit MAS?

Opposition under siege

While MAS plays its internal strategy, the Bolivian opposition faces systematic persecution. The courts have reopened a case against former president Jorge Quiroga, who is positioning himself as a candidate. For him, this is no coincidence but a maneuver to disqualify his candidacy. “This is a setup,” he denounces, asserting that the government’s goal is to eliminate any possibility of political alternation.

The courts summoned him while he was traveling in the United States, preventing him from appearing. His case is linked to a 15-year-old lawsuit from Banco Unión, further reinforcing suspicions that this is a political persecution.

In response to this scenario, Quiroga has joined forces with other opposition leaders, including Samuel Doria Medina, Carlos Mesa, and Luis Fernando Camacho (currently detained in Chonchocoro, accused of conspiring against Morales). Their goal is to present a unified front in the presidential elections, but repression and the lack of democratic guarantees make their progress difficult.

The struggle between Morales and Arce appears to be a political ploy aimed at perpetuating MAS’s hold on power. While they pretend to fight for leadership, the opposition is systematically weakened through judicial persecution and harassment. If the political game continues on this path, Bolivia will face elections without a real alternative, consolidating a scenario where socialism remains in power without genuine opposition.

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