The Captain Who Played the Anthem with a Machine Gun | El capitán que tocaba el Himno con su ametralladora

By Juan Alberto Quiroz, Facebook:

THE CAPTAIN WHO PLAYED THE NATIONAL ANTHEM WITH HIS MACHINE GUN IN THE MIDDLE OF COMBAT

“How beautiful it is to fight for the homeland… how beautiful it must be to die defending it.”

There is a story buried in the dust of the Chaco that you need to know. It is the story of a 32-year-old man who turned a machine gun into a musical instrument, who avenged his fallen brother, who was congratulated twice by the President of the Republic in front of his entire troop, and who died with three bullets in his body while still shouting courage to his soldiers. His name was Desiderio Rocha Urquieta, and these were the last weeks of his life.

Imagine the scene: it is 1934, and you are in the middle of the green hell of the Chaco. The enemy has attacked you five times during the day. Your men are shattered, exhausted, terrified. Night falls and you think you will finally be able to rest—but no. Three more night attacks. Eight assaults in less than 24 hours. The enemy comes drunk, emboldened by alcohol, shouting, shooting, dying. And there is Captain Rocha, behind his heavy machine gun, working day and night without resting for a single second. But what he is doing is not just firing. He is grading each burst, controlling the intermittence of the fire with almost supernatural precision. Suddenly, the soldiers of the 36th Regiment nearby all rise at once. There is a moment of silence, of confusion. And then they hear it: the rattle of the machine gun is sounding exactly like the National Anthem. Note by note. Measure by measure. Ta-ta-ta-ta-ta-ta. Like a drum marking the rhythm of the homeland in the middle of death. The men begin to sing. Some cry while they shoot. That was “his specialty,” his comrades would later say. The National Anthem on a machine gun.

But behind that relentless warrior was a man with a broken heart. Rocha was not only defending Bolivia; he was avenging his brother Walter, killed in combat weeks earlier. In one of his last letters to his wife, written with a trembling hand between battle and battle, he confessed: “The time came for me to avenge the death of my brother Walter. The enemy had to be exterminated, and that is what I did.” He did not falter for a single instant. The enemy lay lifeless in the bush, the survivors fled carrying their wounded. And the next day something extraordinary happened: the very President of Bolivia, Dr. Salamanca, arrived and congratulated Rocha twice in front of the entire formation. Twice. Imagine that moment. The highest recognition. The glory of duty fulfilled.

But Rocha knew that was not the end. In that same letter he wrote something chilling to his wife: “I have fulfilled the duty of a Bolivian and the obligation of a brother. This does not mean that I am finished here. I will not miss any opportunity to keep my oath to defend my homeland unto death.” It was a prophecy. One month later he would be dead.

Between battle and battle there were moments of heartbreaking humanity. One night, after the brutal battle of Conchitas, a witness saw him sitting in the bivouac with his soldiers. His khaki shirt was dusty, his eyes still sparkling with the fever of the fight. He sought in music some relief for his shattered nerves. Armando Montenegro, with his gifted hand, began to play the guitar in the silence of that starless night. It was a melody from the valley, from his land, from Cochabamba. And then something incredible happened: that man who had defied storms of steel, who had killed dozens of enemies, who had seen his brother die, who controlled machine guns as if they were extensions of his body… softened like a child. With the Creole simplicity that characterized him, he told his companions: “How beautiful it is to fight for the homeland. How beautiful it must be to die defending it. The only thing I wish for after every battle is to kiss my children.” And he stayed there, absorbed, thinking of his family, of his Cochabamba countryside, of everything he had left behind.

On May 20, 1934, his prophecy was fulfilled. At Cañada Cochabamba, commanding his detachment, he had the mission of cutting off the enemy’s retreat. But something went wrong. His soldiers wavered. Panic began to spread. And Rocha, instead of retreating, did what he always did: he stood up. He harangued them. He showed them the path to victory. He personally placed them in their positions, one by one, exposing himself to enemy fire. Three bullets struck him. Two in the legs, one in the chest. All three mortal wounds. Any man would have collapsed. But Rocha, bleeding, shattered, kept encouraging his men until the very end. When they finally carried him toward Ballivián, it was already too late. He died on the way, at 32 years of age, leaving behind a wife and children, fulfilling the promise he had made to his woman: to defend his homeland until death.

His body was laid out in a humble improvised chapel in a pahuichi in Ballivián. The entire army wept. When his remains were taken to the airstrip, there were displays of grief no one would ever forget. His comrades delivered speeches through tears. The intellectuals present wrote about his heroism. He was posthumously promoted to Major. And his body was flown to Cochabamba, the land that saw him born and now received him as an immortal hero.

This is the story of Desiderio Rocha Urquieta. A Cochabambino born in 1902 who at 17 decided to become a soldier, who fought at Boquerón, at Kilometer Seven, at Gondra, at Conchitas. One of the few who resisted the enemy avalanche when everyone else was pulling back. Who rose through the ranks by merit of war. Who commanded the Machine-Gun Battalion, the best reserve of the I Army Corps. Who played the National Anthem with his machine gun. Who avenged his brother. Who was congratulated twice by the President. Who softened like a child listening to valley music. Who died with three bullets in his body without stopping his shouts of orders to his men.

Bolivia has forgotten heroes. This is one of them. Did you know his story?

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