A Minimal Liberal Program | Un programa liberal mínimo

By Antonio Saravia, Brujula Digital:

A renewed and vigorous liberalism has managed to shake the foundations of Bolivian politics. Although, for various reasons, it did not succeed in competing under its own name in the August elections, the ideas (which are ultimately what matter) took root among the people and permeated all candidacies.

As had never been seen before in Bolivian politics, the different proposals competed over who would reduce more taxes, who would remove more export quotas, who would grant more legal certainty, who would reduce the fiscal deficit further, who would eliminate more subsidies, or who would attract more foreign investment. And this included even the officialist candidacies, which had done exactly the opposite while in government.

It was truly a historic event: the ideas of liberty led across the board in the design of the national project we want after 20 years of the MAS nightmare.

Now, facing the second round, people expect those same ideas to be discussed again with seriousness and determination. Now that we have managed to defeat MAS and see with hope the light at the end of the tunnel, people expect decisiveness, not improvisation. It will not be easy; the economic crisis is deep and the necessary fiscal adjustment will hurt. Spending cuts and the end of wasteful extravagance are not popular, but they are the foundation of recovery and medium-term projection. People know this and are willing to walk the right path if they find ethical, capable, and determined leadership.

There are many things that must be done. The task is monumental, but I propose, below, a minimal liberal program that not only resolves the economic crisis but also lays the foundations for medium-term growth and progress. If the new government does not move in this direction, we will have lost a golden opportunity to restore the country’s hope for better days.

  1. Aggressively reduce public spending so as to significantly reduce the fiscal deficit within no more than three years. This implies, among other measures:
    a. Eliminate inefficient state-owned companies or sell those that generate some interest in the private sector.
    b. Close several ministries, vice ministries, and public agencies.
    c. Eliminate the subsidy on hydrocarbons.
  2. Establish legal mechanisms so that:
    a. The State can never again request loans from the Central Bank to cover fiscal deficits.
    b. Parliament cannot approve general state budgets if these produce a high fiscal deficit.
  3. Implement a profound tax reform by eliminating taxes and simplifying procedures in order to make economic activity in the country easy and inexpensive. Eliminate or significantly reduce import tariffs and other customs charges so that smuggling ceases to be profitable.
  4. Eliminate all price controls and all export quotas so that all prices reflect the free interaction of supply and demand in the markets.
  5. Eliminate labor market regulations that make it expensive and difficult to formally hire workers.
  6. Implement full property rights over agricultural land by eliminating the inalienability and indivisibility of small plots and the Economic and Social Function requirement for large plots.
  7. Initiate a profound judicial reform that reestablishes the rule of law and a new procedure for the appointment of magistrates.
  8. Launch profound reforms in health and education that change the incentives of actors, opening a serious debate on decentralization and other solutions, including market-based ones.
  9. Carry out a revolution of private property that grants economic agents who are now informal (street vendors, transport workers, shopkeepers, etc.) effective ownership of their assets and businesses.
  10. Promote the reform of the Political Constitution of the State to limit the power of the State vis-à-vis the citizen, attract foreign investment, allow markets to function freely, establish the conditions to reform the health, education, and pension sectors, and establish that all of us are Bolivians equal before the law regardless of our ethnic origin.

The future of the country will only be promising if we understand Bolivia and our actions as Bolivians from the perspective of individual liberty, respect for life, and private property.

Antonio Saravia holds a PhD in economics.

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