Tarija: The Paleontological Pompeii of South America? | ¿la Pompeya paleontológica de Sudamérica?

Editorial, El País:

With over 5,000 fossils from the Cenozoic Era discovered, the region could become a scientific and tourist hub, but it lacks a comprehensive strategy.

Tarija is not just synonymous with wine and green landscapes. Beneath its soil lie petrified bones that tell the story of a lost world: mastodons, glyptodonts, and saber-toothed tigers that inhabited these lands millions of years ago. Despite their scientific and cultural value, this heritage lies dormant in poorly lit display cases or storage drawers, with no real projection. The inevitable question arises: why are we unable to turn this wealth into development?

The numbers don’t lie. According to the Bolivian Paleontology Society, Tarija holds 40% of the country’s Cenozoic fossils, many of them unique in the world. The Mesotherium, a prehistoric mammal, even inspired international studies on evolution. But while Argentina’s Dinosaur Route generates millions annually, there still isn’t a signposted tourist circuit here.

The Tarija Valley is home to remains of unique megafauna, such as the Toxodon tarijensis, a prehistoric giant that existed only here.

The problem is multifaceted. Infrastructure is precarious: the Paleontological Museum of Tarija lacks interactive technology or specialized guides; there’s no promotion: there are no mass campaigns linking fossils to Tarija’s identity; and an underlying historical lack of coordination: universities, the departmental government, and local communities are not working from a shared roadmap.

From this newspaper, we believe it’s time to stop viewing these fossils as mere academic curiosities. They are economic and cultural assets. Examples like the Paleontological Museum of Cochabamba, which tripled its visits with virtual reality, show that change is possible.

Several experts and enthusiasts have suggested some measures such as:

Implementing a Tarija Pleistocene Museum as a modern space, with full-scale replicas and workshops for children, funded through public-private partnerships.

Creating a Megafauna Route that connects discovery sites like Tolomosa or La Victoria with wine tourism, leveraging the “Tarija” brand.

Promoting an annual paleontological festival with expert talks, prehistoric games, and megafauna-inspired cuisine.

Or developing an interactive app that lets users “hunt virtual fossils” around the city, linking them with QR codes at strategic points.

Tarija has the raw material to become a benchmark. What’s missing is the will to dig beyond the earth—into the collective imagination. The next great extinction shouldn’t be that of our own potential.

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