Juana Asurdui de Padilla

By Juan José Toro, Brujula Digital:

La Juana and the “laris”

In Sucre, many people, including authorities, are preparing to celebrate the birth anniversary of Juana Azurduy de Padilla on July 12. They are going to do it despite the fact that they have been repeatedly warned that this is not the correct date.

The error comes from the 40s of the 20th century and was the result of the discovery of a baptismal certificate, that of Juana Azurduy Bermúdez, which indicated that the baptized woman was born in La Plata on July 12, 1780. Because of the name, the Historians believed it was heroin and proclaimed the date. They did not care about the existence of the marriage certificate between Manuel Asencio Padilla and Juana Asurdui Llanos, with “s” and “i” and with Llanos as her maternal surname. That is the correct document.

Researchers such as Norberto Benjamín Torres, Hugo Canedo, Fernando Suárez, Juan José Leñero, William Lofstrom and Mario Castro warned of the error and even showed digital copies of the real Juana’s game, but they ignored them and continued celebrating on July 12.

In at least a decade, historians have published books, articles, given interviews and even expressed their observations in hearings with the Municipal Council of Sucre. Nothing. Those people still celebrate July 12, and will do so again this year.

History does not change, because the events of the past are immutable, but their interpretation does. If in the 1940s they were interpreted in one way, the discovery of evidence, such as the baptismal certificate of the true heroine of independence, Juana Asurdui Llanos, merits filling gaps and correcting errors. In other countries this is common and perhaps the best known case is that of Greece, which a century ago continued to include its mythology of the Olympic gods in the teaching of its history, but it has corrected that and now shows its past as it should be.

The Bolivian case is curious. Since history has been studied scientifically, the interpretation of many facts has been corrected, but people prefer to continue repeating the wrong versions. It’s as if they like to live in lies.

Juana Asurdui’s has become the symbol of a foolishness that has an adjective in Quechua, “lari.” The origin of that word has a strong racist connotation, because it was used to refer to the pongos of the haciendas of the time before the agrarian reform who, due to the resentment caused by their subjection, were punished because they refused to carry out their tasks. . The Dictionary of Americanisms of the Association of Academies of the Spanish Language has included “lari” with up to seven meanings. One of them is “a person with a stubborn character.”

And because of the obstinacy that we see in the resistance to changing the date of birth of Juana Asurdui, we cannot find another way to refer to those who do not listen to historians: they are “laris”.

Juan José Toro is a National Prize winner in the History of Journalism.

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